The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Visionary: Pictures From Nordland
    
This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and
most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms
of the Project Gutenberg License included with this ebook or online
at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States,
you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located
before using this eBook.

Title: The Visionary: Pictures From Nordland

Author: Jonas Lie

Translator: Jessie Muir

Release date: November 1, 2004 [eBook #13922]
                Most recently updated: December 18, 2020

Language: English

Credits: Produced by Clare Boothby, Jim Wiborg and the PG Online Distributed
        Proofreading Team.


*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE VISIONARY: PICTURES FROM NORDLAND ***




Produced by Clare Boothby, Jim Wiborg and the PG Online Distributed
Proofreading Team.






                       THE VISIONARY
                             OR
                   PICTURES FROM NORDLAND

                             BY
                         JONAS LIE

              _TRANSLATED FROM THE NORWEGIAN_
                    _BY JESSIE MUIR_

                       WITH A PREFACE
                            AND
                   PORTRAIT OF THE AUTHOR

                           LONDON.
                      HODDER BROTHERS
                            1894


       *       *       *       *       *


PREFACE


Until a few years ago, Norway was an unknown country to most Englishmen.
Occasionally a sportsman went there to kill salmon or to shoot reindeer,
but the fjords, glaciers, mountains, and waterfalls were quite beyond
the reach of any but the most venturesome travellers. Still less was it
supposed that Norway possessed a modern school of poets and novelists.
Wergeland, Welhaven, Munch, and Moe among the former, Björnson, Ibsen,
Kjelland, and Lie among the latter, were, as far as Englishmen were
concerned, "to fortune and to fame unknown." All this has been changed;
sportsmen now complain that it becomes more difficult every year to hire
rivers. Tourists swarm over the country from the Naze to the North Cape.
Ibsen's dramas are played in London theatres, and his novels, and those
of Björnson and Lie, are read in Germany and in France, as well as in
England and America.

These three writers are of nearly the same age. Ibsen was born in 1828,
at Skien on the south-eastern coast of Norway; Björnson in the
Dovrefjeld in 1832; and Lie at Eker, near Drammen, in 1833. Five years
after his son's birth, Lie's father was appointed sheriff of Tromsö,
which lies within the Arctic Circle, and young Jonas Lauritz Edemil Lie,
to give him his full name, spent six of the most impressionable years of
his life at that remote port. There he heard from the sailors many
strange tales of romantic adventure and of hazardous escape from
shipwreck, with the not uncommon result that he wished to be a sailor
himself. He was, therefore, sent to the naval school at Fredriksværn;
but his defective eyesight proved fatal to the realisation of his wish
and the idea of a seafaring life had to be given up. He was removed from
Fredriksværn to the Latin School at Bergen, and in 1851 entered the
University of Christiania, where he made the acquaintance of Ibsen and
Björnson. He graduated in law in 1857, and shortly afterwards began to
practise at Konsvinger, a little town in Hamar's Stift between Lake
Miosen and the frontier of Sweden. Clients were not numerous or
profitable at Konsvinger; Lie found time to write for the newspapers and
became a frequent contributor to some of the Christiania journals.
Meantime, Ibsen and Björnson were becoming famous in Norway, and in 1865
Lie, perhaps in a spirit of emulation, decided to abandon law for
literature. His first venture was a volume of poems which appeared in
1866 and was not successful. During the four following years he devoted
himself almost exclusively to journalism, working hard and without much
reward, but acquiring the pen of a ready writer and obtaining command of
a style which has proved serviceable in his subsequent career. In 1870
he published "The Visionary,"--"Den Fremsynte"--of which a translation
is now, for the first time, offered to English readers. In the following
year he revisited Nordland and travelled into Finmark. Having obtained a
small travelling pension from the Government, immediately after his
journey to Nordland, he sought the greatest contrast he could find in
Europe to the scenes of his childhood and started for Rome. For a time
he lived in North Germany, then he migrated to Bavaria, spending his
winters in Paris. In 1882 he visited Norway for a time, but returned to
the continent of Europe. His voluntary exile from his native land ended
in the spring of 1893, when he settled at Holskogen, near Christiansund.

"The Visionary" was followed in 1871 by a volume of short stories
"Fortoellinger," and during the next year by a larger and more ambitious
book, "The Three-master Future,"--"Tremasteren Fremtiden"--a realistic
sketch of life in the northern harbours of Norway. Two years later "The
Pilot and his Wife"--"Lodsen og hans Hustru"--appeared, a book in every
respect greatly in advance of its predecessors. Though written almost
entirely in an Italian village it has been justly described by an able
critic as "one of the saltiest stories ever published." It placed Lie on
a higher pedestal than he had ever before occupied, and brought him into
line with Ibsen and Björnson. "The Pilot and his Wife" made its author a
popular Norwegian writer, and as it has been translated into several
European languages--there are, I believe, two English versions--it was
the first step towards the wider reputation Lie now enjoys. His next
book was hardly a success. Leaving, happily only for a time, Norwegian
folk and Norwegian scenes, he attempted, in 1876, a drama in verse,
"Faustina Strozzi," the plot of which is derived from an incident in
modern Italian history. He returned to Norwegian subjects in "Thomas
Ross" and "Adam Schrader," published in 1878 and 1879, which deal with
life and manners in Christiania; but even here he was not quite at home
and these two novels are not of his best work. "Rutland" and "Go
Ahead!"--"Gaa paa!"--are much better, and these two stories of Norwegian
life as exhibited in the merchant navy added greatly to Lie's popularity
at home.

"The Slave for Life"--"Livsslaven"--1883, is in a different vein. The
plot is strong and the writer shows himself a keen and careful observer
of human nature. Without imputing to him any attempt at imitating
Ibsen, "The Slave for Life" certainly exhibits that pessimistic view of
existence which is at once attractive to many and repulsive to not a few
of Ibsen's readers. "The Family of Gilge,"--"Familjen paa Gilge"--is of
a somewhat similar character. Ethical objections to these stories are,
perhaps, superfluous; it must be admitted that both are popular and have
added very considerably to Lie's fame. They were followed by "A
Whirlpool"--"En Malström"--1886; "A Wedded Life"--"En Samliv"--1887;
"The Story of a Dressmaker"--"Maisa Jons"--1888; and by "The Commodore's
Daughters"--"Kommandörens Döttre"--1889, which has enjoyed the good
fortune of being translated into English with an introduction by Mr.
Edmund Gosse, a most competent Scandinavian scholar. Since 1889 Lie has
published "Evil Forces"--"Onde Magter," a volume of poetry, and two
collections of shorter stories, "Otte Fortoellinger" and "Trold." He has
recently completed another novel, which will shortly appear, and is, it
is believed, to be entitled "Niobe." Jonas Lie completed his sixtieth
year on the 6th of November last, and this interesting occasion has been
celebrated by a festival given in his honour by the students of his old
University at Christiania. A special number of _Samtiden_, a Norwegian
magazine, has also been devoted to a series of articles on his life and
literary work.

The present volume, as has already been said, is a translation of Lie's
first story. His literary style is at times very colloquial, and his
sentences are often of great length, running on for ten, fifteen, or
even twenty lines without a full stop. The difficulty of rendering such
a mass of words into English prose without sacrificing the meaning, and
of maintaining the easy familiarity of the conversation has been fairly
overcome by the translator. The story is simple as compared with some of
Lie's later productions, but it will always be interesting, not only in
itself but as the earliest production of Norway's most popular novelist.
Ibsen and Björnson may be better known in England, in America, and on
the Continent of Europe, but Jonas Lie is dearer to the Norwegian heart.
He has laid the scene of "The Visionary" in Nordland, the home of his
childhood, the last district of Norway to receive the faith of
Christendom, and even now the abode of superstitions which have survived
centuries of Christian teaching. Except along the coast, and there towns
and villages are few and far between, Nordland is very sparsely occupied
by men of Norwegian birth. Fins and Laplanders wander over the interior
during the brief summer, and have, to some extent, intermarried with the
Norwegians on the coast, who are chiefly fishermen and sailors. The
seafaring life of the people and the slight intermixture of Fin and Lap
blood have not tended to lessen their superstitions, and, doubtless,
young Lie heard many a strange tale of sea-goblins and land-spirits as
he wandered in his boyhood along the quay and in the streets of Tromsö.
Many of the impressions he then received have contributed to the tragic
interest of "The Visionary." For "The Visionary" is a tragedy in which
resistless Fate hurries its victims to destruction. The hero, David
Holst, is one of those unhappy beings who seem doomed to a more than
ordinary share of the ills of life. He has inherited from his mother at
least a tendency to insanity, and he lives in fear of being involved in
a terrible catastrophe, from which he only saves himself by strong
efforts of will and by the recollection of the lost love of his youth.
The awful calamity which overtook him at the very moment his betrothal
to Susanna was sanctioned by her father proved, in fact, his salvation,
and delivered him from madness, but its effects were never eradicated.
Like Hamlet he found the times out of joint; but, instead of contending
with them, he patiently submitted to Fate and won for himself, if not
absolute peace, at least a certain amount of tranquillity. Throughout
his life he was subject to visions. In his earliest days the appearance
of a lady carrying a white rose marked the near approach of calamity. In
later life a vision of his beloved Susanna was sometimes vouchsafed to
him, and as he lay on his death-bed she came, after a long interval, as
if beckoning him to join her.

The other characters of the story are naturally drawn. David's stern,
yet not unkind father; the minister and his wife; the old clerk, and
Susanna herself, will soon make themselves known to the reader. The
refusal of Susanna to give up David when she learns that his doctor
fears he may become insane, and her victory over her father's objections
to her engagement, are proofs of Lie's insight into the depth and
steadfastness of the love of a good woman. The story of her death, of
the bringing home her body in the boat, and of the scene in the
death-chamber, are full of pathos, and are told with the simplicity of a
great artist.

"The Visionary" is written in the spirit of a true Nordlander, who is
ever contrasting life and nature in the south of Norway with life "up
there" at home, and with the more varied aspects of nature in Nordland.
The vivid description of the great storm are evidently impressions and
recollections of actual experience. Before he became an author Lie had
often mused

  "On Man, on Nature, and on Human Life,"

and the first results of these musings were given to the world in "The
Visionary."

J.A.J.H.


       *       *       *       *       *


CONTENTS

PART

I.--INTRODUCTION

II. NORDLAND AND NORDLANDERS

III. CHAP.
   I.--HOME
   II.--ON THE SHORE
   III.--THE SERVANTS' HALL
   IV.--AMONG THE VÆTTE ROCKS
   V.--CONFIRMATION
   VI.--AT THE CLERK'S
   VII.--TRONDENÆS
   VIII.--AT HOME
   IX.--THE CHRISTMAS VISIT
   X.--THE STORM
   XI.--CONCLUSION




       *       *       *       *       *


                     PART I

                  INTRODUCTION


       *       *       *       *       *



INTRODUCTION


I know many people who have felt the same inclination that sometimes
comes over me, to choose bad weather to go out in. They are generally
men who have passed from a childhood lived in the open air of the
country, to an occupation which entails much sitting still, and for whom
the room sometimes seems to become too narrow and confined--or else they
are poets. Their recollection and imagination live, more or less unknown
to themselves, in a continual longing to get away from the confined air
of a room, and the barrack-life of a town.

So one day when the country comes into the town in the shape of a
downright storm of wind and rain, which shakes the tiles on the roofs,
and now and then flings one after you, while the streets become rivers,
and every corner an ambush from which the whirlwind makes a sudden
attack upon your umbrella, and, after a more or less prolonged and
adroit struggle, tears it, and turns it inside out, until at last you
stand with only the stick and the ribs left in your hand--at such a
time, it now and then happens that a quiet, dignified civil servant, or
business man, instead of sitting at home, as usual, in the afternoon in
his comfortable room after the day's toil in the office, says to his
wife that he "is sorry he must go out into the town for a little while."
And what he unfortunately must go out for is, of course, "business." For
little would it become a sedate, grave man, perhaps an alderman, and one
of the fathers of the town, to acknowledge, even to himself, that he is
childish enough to go and wander about in bad weather, that he only
wants to walk down to the quay to see the spray dash over the bitts, and
to watch the ships in the harbour playing at shipwreck. He must, of
course, have something to do there; if nothing else, at any rate to see
"ne quid detrimenti capiat respublica"; that is to say, that the town,
whose welfare, in one way or another, it is his business to look after,
is not blown down.

The fact is, there is a revolution in the streets--not a political
revolution, Heaven preserve him from that--but one which has an
attraction for him, because it awakens all his old recollections, and in
which, much to his disgrace, he contrives surreptitiously to join,
although, in its own way, it too defies all police arrangements, breaks
windows, puts out street-lamps, tears the tiles from the house-roofs,
damages piers and moorings, and chases police and watchmen into their
holes. It is Nature's loud war-cry, in the very midst of the civilised
town, to all the recollections of his childhood, to his imagination and
his love of Nature; and he obeys it like an old trumpeter's horse that
hears the signal of his youth, and instantly leaps the fence.

After an hour or two out in the storm, the fire in his veins is subdued,
and home he comes once more a quiet, grave man, carefully puts his stick
and goloshes in their accustomed places in the hall, and is pitied by
his wife, who has been anxious about him, and is now helping him off
with his wet things. Strange to say, he himself, in spite of adverse
circumstances, is in capital spirits that evening, and has such a number
of things to tell about this storm--every thing of course, as becomes
the occasion, in the form of anxiety lest damage should be done, or fire
break out in the town.

It was in such weather that I--a practising doctor, and having, as such,
good reason, both on my own account and on that of others, for being out
at all times of the day or night--one rainy, misty, stormy October
afternoon, roamed the streets of Kristiania, finding pleasure in letting
the rain dash in my face, while my mackintosh protected the rest of my
person.

Darkness had gradually fallen, and the lighted gas-lamps flared in the
gusty wind, making me think of the revolving lights on a foggy night
out on the coast. Now and again an unfastened door swung open and shut
again, with a bang like a minute gun. My inward comment on these
occasions was that, even in our nervous times, there must still be an
astonishing number of people without nerves; for such bangs thunder
through the whole house right up to the garret, as a gust fills the
passage, and doors fly open and shut, shut and open; everybody feels the
discomfort, but no one will take the trouble to go down and fasten the
origin of the evil; the porter is out in the town, and as long as he is
away the inmates must put up with an absence of all domestic comfort.

It was just such an unfastened, unweariedly banging door that led to
what I have to relate.

As I passed it, I heard a voice, which seemed familiar to me, an old
beloved voice--though at first I could not recall where I had heard
it--calling impatiently to the porter. It was on the subject of the
banging door. The man was evidently the only nervous individual in that
house; at any rate, the porter was not, for he appeared to be quite
wanting in feeling both for his door and for the man who had interested
himself in it, and was now fumbling in vain with a latch-key, which did
not appear to fit.

At last the porter came out of his subterranean hole, and it was during
a little altercation between the now placable and gentle voice, sorry
for its previous irritability, and the growling porter, that with all
the power of an awakened recollection I recognised my old friend of
student-days, David Holst, with whom I had lived three of the richest
years of my youth.

"If that is you, David, you must let me in before you lock the door!" I
cried, just as I should have done in the good old days, twenty years
before.

The door opened wide, and a warm shake of the hand from the dark
advancing form, told me that he had not needed to search so long through
the chambers of his memory as I, but had recognised me at once.

"Follow me!" were his only words, and then we mounted silently, he in
front and I behind, up the dark stairs, one, two, three floors and one
considerably narrower flight above. There he took my hand to guide me--a
very necessary proceeding, for, as far as I could make out, the way led
across a dark loft, hung with clothes-lines. He told me, too, to bend my
head.

As I mounted I drew my own conclusions. His hand--I remembered that in
old days he used to be rather proud of it--was damp, perhaps with mental
agitation, and he sometimes stopped as if to take breath. The narrow
garret-stairs whispered to me too, that my friend David, who in his
time had given promise of good abilities, could not have made great use
of them for his own worldly advancement.

He opened a door and bade me go in first.

Upon a table stood a lamp, whose shade concentrated the light round its
foot, in a circle of scarcely more than half a yard's radius, upon an
inkstand and papers which lay there, leaving the ends of the table in
apparent darkness. Behind the table was what looked like a black grave,
which, however, when the eye became accustomed to the abrupt transition
from light to shadow, revealed itself as a sofa, before which stood an
almost correspondingly long, painted, wooden table with square ends.

When two old friends meet in such a way, there is often, under their
frank manner, a secret shyness to overcome; for there is a layer of the
different experiences of many years that has to be cleared away.

After a short pause, my friend, as if with a sudden resolve, went
quickly up to the table and took the shade off the lamp, so that the
whole room became light.

"You see," said he, "things are just the same with me as in the old
days, only that there are now two garret windows instead of one, a few
more shelves with books, and a rather better monthly salary, which I
get by combining a teachership in one of the lower-class schools here,
with an easy post on a daily paper. It is all I need, you see. I moved
here from Bergen this spring, and ought properly to have paid you a
call, but have not yet managed it; when I have seen you in the street,
you have always looked as if you were too much taken up with your
practice. But now that I have you in my den, we will have a chat about
old times, and what you are doing. Take off your coat, while I go down
and see about getting some toddy made." Whereupon he replaced the lamp
shade, and disappeared through the doorway.

My friend's somewhat forced introductory speech did not seem natural to
me; it was as though, in his ready confidence, he were regulated rather
by my circumstances than by his own, and the whole thing gave me the
impression that at the outset he would parry all unnecessary questions.

As yet I, at least, had not said a word; indeed, I had not seen more of
my friend than a brief glimpse of his face, as he turned towards the
lamp and replaced the shade. Still I recognised, in spite of the
difference in age, the same thin, delicate, pale face, which, in the old
days, would sometimes assume such a beautiful, melancholy expression--it
was with that he was always photographed in my memory--but the features
had now acquired a striking sharpness, and in the quick glance I caught
there was an expression, both suffering and searching, which made me
indescribably sad. I have seen sick people look at me in the same way,
when they were afraid they were to be operated upon; and I thought I now
understood at any rate this much, that what wanted operating on here was
my friend's confidence, and this would require all my dexterity.

I was once the most confiding fellow under the sun; but since I became a
doctor and saw what people really are, I have become thoroughly
suspicious; for there is nothing in the whole world you may not have to
presuppose, even with the best of mortals, if you do not want to be
misled as to the cause of their disease. I suspect everybody and
everything, even, as the reader has seen above, those sedate men who go
out in stormy weather. An Indian does not steal more unperceived and
noiselessly through a primeval forest than I, when necessary, into my
patient's confidence; and my friend David had all at once become my
patient. He would scarcely succeed in deceiving _me_ any longer with his
talk about "old days" and a glass of punch in his "unchanged student's
den."

My first strategem was now hastily to continue the inspection of the
room, which my friend had somewhat cursorily allowed me to begin. I
took the lamp and began to look about me.

Under the sloping ceiling, against the wall opposite the sofa, was the
bed, with a little round table beside it. On some bookshelves, which
stood on the floor against the wall in the corner at the foot of the
bed, I recognised Henrik Wergeland's bust, even more defective about the
chin and nose than in my time, and now, in addition, blind in one eye;
he had fared almost as badly as the old pipe I used to smoke, which I
recognised again, in spite of its being cut and hacked in every
direction. For my friend had a habit of cutting marks in it while he sat
smoking, now and then throwing a word into the conversation to keep it
going, just as one throws fuel on a fire--it was the spirit of the
conversation, and that something should be said, rather than the thought
itself, he cared about. When sitting thus, his face often wore a
melancholy, peaceful expression, as if he were smiling at something
beautiful we others did not see.

Between the bed and the shelves I discovered some bottles, ordinary
spirit bottles, and the suspicion flashed like lightning through my
mind--I have, as I said, become suspicion personified, not naturally,
but through disappointment--that my friend was perhaps given to drink.

I put the lamp down upon the floor. In one bottle was ink, in the
second paraffin, and in the third, a smaller one, cod-liver oil, which
he probably took for his chest.

I remembered his clammy hand, his stopping, and heavy breathing on the
stairs, and I felt thoroughly ashamed that I could have been such a
wretch as to think the dear friend, I might also say ideal, of my youth,
was no better than any scamp in vulgar life, who positively ought to be
suspected.

I offered him, in silence, a penitent apology, while I read over the
titles on the backs of the books, recognising one and another. These
shelves seemed to be the bookshelves of his student days. I drew out a
thick volume, old "Saxo Grammaticus," which I remembered to have bought
at an auction, and presented to him; but now I found something quite
different to think about.

It happened with me as with a man who draws out a brick and suddenly
finds a secret passage--I all at once felt myself at the entrance to my
friend's secret, though, as yet, only before a deep, dark room through
which my imagination might wander, but which I could not really see,
unless my friend himself held the light for me.

What thus attracted my attention and rivetted my thought and
recollection to the spot, was no hole, but the head of a violin, with a
dusty neck, and a tangle of strings about the screws which was stuck up
at the back of the shelf. The fourth string hung loosely down; the
over-stretched, broken first had curled up, and under the two whole
strings the bridge lay flat, as I ascertained by taking several books
out of the row and feeling for it. I examined the violin, which I could
easily remove, as carefully as if I had found a friend ill and starving;
there was an unmended crack in the body. Enchained by old memories, I
could not help falling into a very sad frame of mind.

I put the books on the shelves again, replaced the lamp on the table,
and sat myself on the sofa, where puffing away at the pipe (I found on
it among others my own initials, cut by myself) I gave myself up to
reflections, which I will here impart to the reader even at the risk of
his thinking my friend is rather a long time getting the punch. Through
these reflections he will stand before the reader, as he did before my
mind's eye in the light of youthful recollections, and as the reader
must know him, if he will understand him.

Our acquaintance as students arose naturally from the fact that we were
both from Nordland. He was three or four years older than I, and his
being the trusted though anonymous theatrical reviewer on the H---- paper,
was enough of itself to give him, in my eyes, an official superiority,
before which I bowed.

But what worked still more strongly upon my youthful imagination was
his manner. There was something unusually noble about his slender figure
and his delicate, oval-shaped, earnest face, with the high forehead and
the heavy masses of dark, curly hair on the temples. His strongly-marked
eyebrows and a decided Roman nose drew one's attention away from his
eyes, which were light blue, and more in keeping with his pale and
beardless face than with his more energetic features. But yet it was his
eyes that gave one the first impression of him. I learned later to read
his features differently, and to see that in them was reflected the
meeting of the currents of that twofold nature by which his life was
gradually crushed out.

A sweet smile when he talked and a reserved manner gave him a
distinguished air, which at any rate impressed me greatly. He was the
only student I knew who did not wear a student's cap; he used to wear a
flat blue sailor's cap with a short peak, which suited him very well.
When he became eager, as might happen in a dispute--for he was a great
logician, though it was only his intellect that took part in a
discussion, and never, as far as I could see, his heart or his deeper
feelings--his voice would give way; it became overstrained and harsh, as
if from a weak chest. Such encounters always told upon him, and left him
in irritable restlessness for some time after.

One of his peculiarities was that he sometimes went on walking tours of
several days out in the country, both in summer and winter.
Companionship he would never hear of. Had he wished for it, he would
have asked me I knew, and therefore I never thought of forcing myself
upon him.

On these occasions he would set off without a knapsack; I noticed this
once when I happened to be roaming in the fields two or three miles [A
Norwegian mile is about seven English miles.] from a town, where I had
gone on a visit. When he came home again, he would be in capital
spirits, but before setting out he was always so silent and melancholy
that I had to sustain nearly the whole burden of the conversation. He
used to have periods of low spirits.

One indication of these moods was his manner in playing on the violin I
had now found with broken strings, at the back of his bookshelf. As it
lay there, it recalled the incidents of twenty years ago.

This violin he once held in high esteem; it had the place of honour on
his wall, with the bow beside it. It had been left him by a friend, an
old clerk, [Norw. "klokker," almost answering to the Scotch precentor,
but a klokker, in addition to leading the singing in church, has to read
the opening prayer and to assist the priest in putting on his
vestments.] at his home up in the north, who had taught him to play,
and had evidently been one of those musical geniuses who are never fully
appreciated in this world.

David loved to give play to his fancy, not only upon this violin--he had
a good ear, and had learnt not a little--but also about it: where it
really came from, and how old it might be? He would exceedingly have
liked an indistinct mark inside to mean that it was "possibly a
Cremona"; it was one of his weak points, and this room for conjecture
was evidently, in his eyes, one of the excellences of the violin.

David had a small collection of what he called classical music, long
compositions which he played from the notes. They were not much to my
fancy, and always struck me as being of a piece with what was strange in
his manner when he posed as a logician. When he played them it was more
like severe, mental, school exercise than anything his heart was in; and
he played as correctly as he argued or wrote.

The times when classical music and critical conversations ruled in his
room, were certainly those in which he felt his mind most in balance. He
was less hearty in manner then, even towards me.

But then would come times when the music-stand would remain in the
corner. He would sit for a long time looking straight before him, as if
lost in thought, and then give expression to his feeling, on his violin,
in all kinds of fantasies, which pleased my uncultivated ear far more
than his so-called classical music.

He sometimes played a variety of small pieces, and then gradually sank
into his own peculiar minor strain, and sometimes into a wonderfully sad
melody. I very seldom heard him play anything right through, and then
always in a kind of self-forgetfulness. At such times, I had a feeling
that he was confiding to me something beautiful that he had lost, and
over which he could never cease to mourn.

At a later period of our friendship he became, as I have said, more
irregular in his habits, and was seldom to be found at home; he would
sometimes talk ironically about his comrades, the professors and things
in general, and his sarcasm was almost biting.

I was privileged to take my friend's key, and go into his room, even
when he was not at home. If his violin hung uncared for, I knew that
something was wrong, and that his own condition answered to that of his
instrument. The first thing he did, when all was right again, was
carefully to put it in order.

But never during those times had I seen his treasure so badly treated
and neglected as when twenty years later, I found it again, dusty and
cracked at the back of the bookshelf. The reader will now be able to
understand how sorrowful were the reflections it aroused, and how it led
me to suspect the story of a joyless life; and I trust he will forgive
me for having taken him so far from David Holst's room--where I sat and
waited for my friend to come with the punch--into the land of my
youthful recollections. For three years we had been together almost
daily. After that David had to go out as tutor, and our ways parted, as
they so often do in this life.

And this evening we had met again.

There was a jingling in the passage, and immediately after David Holst
carefully opened the door for a servant-girl, who brought in a steaming
jug of hot water and other requisites for punch, which were most welcome
to a man who had been out several hours in the wind and rain, as I had
that very afternoon.

David found me installed on the sofa with his pipe in my mouth and his
slippers on my feet, just as he would have done in the old days, and
this I reckoned as one of my cunning artifices; for with these passes,
his pipe and slippers, I reinstated myself, without more ado, on the old
friendly footing. I felt like a general who is fortunate enough to open
the campaign by occupying a whole province.

In default of his accustomed place on the sofa, David drew a chair up
to the table and sat down opposite to me, with the punch tray between
us.

We were now once more on the banks of the same river of delight, in
which we had so often bathed and tumbled in our youth; but now we both
approached it more carefully.

In the course of conversation, he often leaned over towards me, as if
listening, and in this way his head came within the region of the lamp's
bright light. I then noticed that his hair was much thinner, and
sprinkled rather plentifully with grey, and that the perspiration stood
in beads on his no longer unwrinkled brow. His pallid, sharp-featured
face, and a strange brilliancy in his eyes, told me that either his
physical or his mental being hid an underground fire, perhaps no longer
quenchable. Thinking from his repeated fits of coughing, that his
bending over towards me arose quite as much from the fact that he was
tired and was trying to rest against the edge of the table, as from his
interest in the conversation, I determined to enter at once upon the
question of the state of his health, and thus put myself in possession
of yet another important outwork of his confidence.

I rose suddenly, determined and serious, and said that, as an
experienced doctor, I unfortunately saw that he was ill in no such
slight degree as he perhaps thought, and that, as he was evidently weak
and languid--as the drops of perspiration on his forehead showed--he
must, at any rate, at once seat himself on the comfortable sofa I had
hitherto occupied.

He acknowledged that going twice downstairs had been rather too much for
him--the first time he had only gone down to put an end to the
uncomfortable draught through the house--and willingly took his place on
the sofa at my desire.

It was his chest, he said. By the help of the stethoscope, I found that
this was only too true. His chest, indeed, was in such a condition that
it was only a question of gaining time, not of saving life; for one lung
was entirely gone, and the other seriously affected.

During the remainder of the evening, both he and I felt ourselves
re-established on the old footing, my authority as doctor now giving me
a slight superiority.

At nine o'clock, I declared that he must go to bed, and I told him that
the next morning I intended to come again, and prescribe what was
needful. I heard he was not to be at school before eleven: until that
hour he promised me not to go out.

When I came home, I found my wife in great anxiety about me. She could
not conceive how a sensible man, and a doctor into the bargain, who gave
others such good advice, could be out more than was necessary in such
dreadful weather; and I had been out in it the whole time since dinner.

There was nothing to be said to this, and I only considered, while she
talked, how I could best win her over to the cause which I now had at
heart. My wife had not the slightest acquaintance with my dying friend,
and, if I knew her aright, might even feel hurt when I told her that he
had, in a way, possessed my affection before I knew her.

Things turned out as I foresaw; for it was only after a rather doubtful
pause that she came up to me, and said that my best friend should of
course be dear to her.

And from that moment no one could have been more helpful than she.
Whatever she undertakes, she always does thoroughly, and she settled
that very evening how the matter should be arranged.

At ten the next morning I was up in my friend's room with my wife, and I
introduced her to him, saying that she wished to be regarded as an old
friend like myself. I told him, as consolingly as I could--but when I
said it, my wife looked away--that his illness absolutely required that
he should put himself under treatment for six months, until the warm
weather came and completed his cure, and that I hoped he would consent
to let me arrange matters at the school for him.

He was evidently both surprised and touched. Life had not offered him
friendship, he said; he was so little used to accept it, even when it
came to him as true and good as this was. After a little parleying, he
surrendered at discretion to my wife, who never liked being defeated.

He would not, however, move to our house, as I suggested, for he had a
fondness for this room, and, as he frankly said, he would not feel happy
if obligations of a pecuniary nature were introduced into the matter.

From this time I visited him as a rule every morning, and generally had
a little chat about different things in the town which I thought might
interest, or at any rate divert him.

My wife treated him in her own way. Contrary to what I had been a little
afraid of, she carried out no radical revolution in his housekeeping
arrangements. That the servant-girl had her reasons for coming up to him
so often, and that every day she waited in fear and trembling my wife's
quiet inspection whether the room were properly dusted and in order, he
could have no suspicion.

The only thing that my wife openly effected, was the sending of all
kinds of strengthening food. One of the children often went with the
maid who took these, and it sometimes amused and entertained him, to
keep the child with him for a while.

This new and unaccustomed state of affairs seemed at first to divert
him; but in the course of a month he began to be depressed again. Our
visits evidently troubled him, and, for this reason, were discontinued
for a time. He spent almost the whole day on the sofa at the dark end of
the room.

One evening the girl said she had heard a sound as of crying and sobbing
in his room, so she did not go in, but remained standing outside. A
little while after it seemed to her as if he were praying earnestly, but
she did not understand the words. The next evening she heard him playing
a soft melody, as if on a violin which did not give a clear sound.

The following morning when I came to him his mood was entirely changed,
and to my surprise I saw that his violin, dusted and with strings in
order, but still cracked, hung on the wall with the bow beside it. On
the table, by the bed, I noticed too an old Bible that I had never
before seen, probably because this treasure had always been kept in his
drawer as a sacred thing.

He looked more languid and worn out than usual; but his face wore a
beatified expression, as of a man who had wrestled with his fate, and
had won rest and resignation.

If possible, he said, he would like to speak to my wife that same
morning; but he would rather talk with me at once, and so I must sit
down for a little while.

With a smile--that same quiet, sweet, mysterious smile of his that I
knew so well, but which now seemed no longer to shun observation--he
turned to me saying, as he laid his hand on my shoulder and looked into
my face:

"My dear, kind Frederick! I know for certain, though I cannot tell you
why, that I shall not live to see the spring again. What is wanting
neither you nor any one else can give me, only God; but of all men you
have been the kindest to me, and your friendship has reached farther
than you would ever imagine. You have a right to know him who has been
your friend. When I am gone--and that will undoubtedly be this winter,
perhaps sooner than you, judging from my condition, think--you will find
some memoranda in my drawer; they are the history of my early youth, but
uneventful as that was, it has had its effect upon my whole life. It
will tell you that the world has been sad, very sad for me, and that I
am as glad as an escaped bird to leave it."

"There was a time," he added after some hesitation, "when I wished to be
buried in a churchyard up in Nordland; but now I think that the place
does not make any difference, and that one can rest just as peacefully
down here."

Saying which, he pressed my hand, and asked me to go for my wife.

When she came, she was surprised to see him brighter and in better
spirits than she had ever thought he could be. He wanted, he said, to
ask a favour of her. It was a whim of his; but, if he should be called
away, she must promise him to plant a wild rose upon his grave next
spring.

My wife understood how sad the request was when I told her what had
already passed; for David had looked so confident and bright when he was
talking to her, that the sorrowful element was absent.

My friend's prophecy about himself proved to be only too true. Though
his mood grew constantly brighter, so that he sometimes even had a gleam
of the joy of living, his illness went in the opposite direction, always
toward the worst.

One day I found him lying and watching from his bed--where he now spent
nearly the whole day--my little Anton, who had "made a steamboat" out of
his old violin-case--of which the lid was gone--and was travelling with
it on the floor, touching at foreign ports. When I came up to the bed,
David told me, smiling, that he had been at home in Nordland playing on
the beach again.

My wife had, meantime, become more and more his sick-nurse. She was with
him two or three times a day, and sat at his bedside. He often held her
hand, or asked her to read him something out of his old Bible. The
portions he chose were generally those in which the Old Testament
speaks of love and lovers. He dwelt especially on the story of Jacob and
Rachel.

My wife, who had now become very fond of him, confided to me one day
that she was sure she knew what my friend was suffering from; it was
certainly nothing but unrequited love.

She had never thought any one could look so touchingly beautiful as he
did, when death was near. When he lay still and smiled, it was as though
he were thinking of a tryst he should go to, as soon as he had done with
us here on earth.

One evening he asked my wife to sit with him. At nine o'clock a message
came for me; but when I got there, he was gone.

He had asked my wife to read to him, for the first time, a part of
Solomon's Song, where she found an old mark in his Bible. It was the
second chapter, in which both the bride and the bridegroom speak, and
which begins: "I am the rose of Sharon, and the lily of the valley"; and
ends: "Until the day break, and the shadows flee away, turn, my beloved,
and be thou like a roe or a young hart upon the mountains of Bether."

He had asked her to read it a second time, but during the reading he had
quietly fallen asleep.

And there he lay, beautiful in death, with a peaceful smile, as though
he were greeting just such a grove, on the other side of the mountains
of Bether.

Next summer there stood a wooden cross, and a blooming, wild briar-rose,
on a grave in one of the churchyards of the town. There rests my friend
David Holst.

       *       *       *       *       *

As a beginning of the story of my friend's life, I found, laid aside, a
section, part of which seems to have been added at a riper age. It shows
with what strong ties nature had bound him to his home, and with what
affection he clung to it.


       *       *       *       *       *


                     PART II

            NORDLAND AND NORDLANDERS


       *       *       *       *       *



NORDLAND AND NORDLANDERS


In so far as a man like myself, who lives in such a sad reality, dare
talk of illusions--how great, and what a number of illusions I have had
shattered, during the two or three years since I left my home in
Nordland, and became a student; how grey and colourless is the world
down here, how small and mean, compared with what I had imagined it as
regards both men and conditions of life!

This afternoon, I was out fishing in the fjord with some friends; of
course they all enjoyed themselves--and I pretended that I did. No, I
did not enjoy myself! We sat in a flat-bottomed, broad, ugly boat, that
they called a "pram," a contrivance resembling a washtub, and fished the
whole afternoon in muddy water a few feet deep, with a fine line,
catching altogether seven whiting--and then rowed quite satisfied to
land! I felt nearly sick; for the whole of life down here seems to me
like this pram, without a keel, by which to shape a course, without a
sail, which one cannot even fancy could be properly set in such a boat,
without rough weather, which it could not stand, and like this muddy,
grey, waveless sea outside the town, with only a few small whiting in
it. Life here has nothing else to offer than such small whiting.

While the others talked, I sat and thought of a fishing expedition when
_she_ was with me, out among the Vætte Rocks at home, in our little
six-oared boat--what a different kind of day, what a different kind of
boat, what a different experience! Yes, how unromantic, poor and grey,
life is down here among the rich, loamy, corn-producing hills, or on the
fjord of the capital, sooty with steamboat smoke, or even in the town
itself, compared with that at home! But if I uttered this aloud, how
these superior people would open their eyes!

They talk here of fishing, and are pleased with a few poor cod and
whiting. A Nordlander understands by fishing a haul of a thousand fish;
he thinks of the millions of Lofoten and Finmark, and of an overwhelming
variety of species, of whales, spouting through the sounds, and driving
great shoals of fish before them, as well as of the very smallest
creatures of the deep. The only fish that I know down here worth
noticing--and I always look at them whenever I come across them--are the
gold and silver fish, that you keep in a glass-bowl, just as you keep a
canary in a cage: but then they are from another fairyland in the
south.

When a Nordlander speaks of birds he does not mean as they do here, only
a head or two of game, but an aërial throng of winged creatures,
rippling through the sky, flying round the rocks, like white foam, or
descending like a snowstorm on their nesting-places; he thinks of
eider-duck, guillemot, diver and oyster-catcher swimming in fjord and
sound, or sitting upon the rocks; of gulls, ospreys and eagles, hunting
in the air; of the eagle-owl, hooting weirdly at night in the
mountain-clefts--in short, he means a whole world of birds, and has a
little difficulty in confining his ideas to the poor capercailzie,
surprised and killed by a sportsman in the midst of a love-frolic, when
the sun is rising over the pine-clad hills.

Instead of the fruit-gardens here, he has the miles of cloudberry moors
at home. Instead of a poor, uniform shore with nothing but mussels, he
remembers a grand beach strewn with myriads of marvellously tinted
shells.

All natural conditions are intensified in Nordland, and are far more
powerfully contrasted than in the south of Norway. Nordland is a
boundless stone-grey waste, as it was in primæval times before man began
to build, but in the midst of this there are also countless natural
treasures; it has a sun and a summer glory, whose day is not twelve
hours only, but an uninterrupted period of three months, during which,
in many places, one must wear a mask as protection against the swarms of
mosquitoes; but, on the other hand, the night is a time of darkness and
horror, lasting nine months. Everything there is on a gigantic scale
without the gradual transitions between extremes, upon which the quiet
life here in the south is built; in other words, there are more
occasions for fancy, adventure and chance, than for calm reasoning, and
quiet activity with certain results.

A Nordlander, therefore, down here, is at first apt to feel like
Gulliver, who has come to Lilliput, and, on the whole, does not get on
well among the inhabitants, until he has screwed down his old customary
ideas to the simple proportions of their insignificant life; in short,
until he has taught himself to use his intellect, instead of his fancy.

The Lap on snow-shoes with his reindeer, the Fin, the Russian, not to
mention the constantly moving Nordlander himself, who, though slow on
land, is quick in his boat--are all undeniably far more interesting
people than the dull southern rustic, whose imagination reaches scarcely
farther than his own field, or to wondering whereabouts in the pasture
he must go to fetch his horse.

When Southerners talk about storms and waves, they mean a little bit of
a storm and rough sea in the Kristiania Fjord, which can even do a
little damage in the harbour; and they consider it deeply affecting when
a clumsy boatman is drowned. A storm suggests something very different
to my mind: a sudden down-rushing wind from the mountains, which carries
away houses--for which reason they are secured with ropes at home; waves
from the Arctic Sea, which bury high rocks and islands in foam, and roll
ground-seas of innumerable fathoms' depth, so that vessels are suddenly
dashed to pieces in the middle of the ocean; crowds of brave men sailing
for their very lives before the wind, and not for their lives only, but
also to save the dearly-won cargo for the sake of those at home, and,
even in deadly peril, trying to lend a hand to a capsized comrade; I
think of the shipwreck of countless boats and vessels on a winter
evening, in the hollows of the foaming waves. It would, for once, be
worth while to see such waves (usually three in succession, and the last
the worst) advancing with their crests higher than the custom-house
roof, and bearing on their shoulders a yacht, which has to be run
ashore, rushing into Kristiania's peaceful little harbour, carrying
ships up with them into the town, and followed by correspondingly fierce
bursts of wind, lifting off the very roofs. If they came, I know well it
would be _me_ they wanted, _me_ the poor visionary, hidden away in the
civilisation of the town, who, they consider, belongs to them; and I
think a moment after the terror I should greet them as friends from
home, although they came bearing death and destruction on their wings.
They would, for once, show to all this civilised littleness the terrible
grandeur and greatness of the mighty ocean, and flavour the insipidity
of the town with a little sea-salt terror. I should like to see a whale
squeezed in between Prince's Street and Custom-house Street, glaring at
a family on the upper floor, or the fine, gold-laced policemen trying to
bring into court a stranded sea-goblin. I should like, too, to see the
town's theatrical reviewers, who are accustomed to see "Haupt und
Statsaction" in vaudevilles twice a week, stand with their eye-glasses
to their eyes, before such a play, which, without more ado, would swamp
all their critical ideas and inkstands, and show them death and horror
in real downright earnest.

How such a reviewer would grow in ability to understand what is imposing
and powerful in a poetical composition, and in the desires it awakens,
if he only once in his life had seen the "Horseman," [A remarkable
mountain in Nordland.] on a stormy day, with its height of 1700 feet,
riding southwards out in the surf, while his cloak fluttered from his
shoulder towards the north, and, besides the giant himself in his
might, had seen, in prefect illusion, the horse's head, his ear, his
neck, his snaffle and his majestic chest.

It is up in the north that northern popular imagination, from the time
of the myths, has laid the home of a whole army of wickedness; there the
Fin folk have practised their magic arts, and woven their spells; and
there by the dark, wintry-grey breakers of the Arctic Sea, live yet the
ancient gods of evil, driven out to earth's farthest limits, those
demoniacal, terrible, half-formless powers of darkness, with whom the
Aases fought, but St. Olaf, with his victorious, dazzling, cross-hilt
sword, "turned to stock and stone."

That which can so easily be put aside as superstition, when one is
sitting safely in the middle of civilisation--and yet still lives as a
natural power in the people--is represented, on the whole, in pigmy
proportions in the south. Here they have a little terror of small
hobgoblins, good-natured fairies, a love-sick river-sprite, and so
forth, beings who with us in the north, almost go about our houses like
superstition's tame domestic animals. You have there, too, good-natured
elves, who carry on their peaceful boating and coasting trade invisibly
among the people. But then, in addition, natural terror creates a whole
host of wicked demons, who draw people with an irresistible power, the
ghosts of drowned men, who have not had Christian burial, mountain
ogres, the sea-sprite, who rows in a half boat, and shrieks horribly on
the fjords on winter nights. Many who really were in danger have let
their chance of safety go for fear of him, and the visionaries can
actually see him.

But if Nature's great power, brooding with crushing weight over life on
this wintry, surf-beat, iron-bound coast, which lies in twilight for
nine months, and for three of these altogether loses the sun, creates a
terror of darkness in the mind, yet the north also possesses in the same
extreme the exactly opposite character, a warm, sunny, summer nature,
clear-aired, heavily scented, rich with the changing beauty of countless
colours; in which objects at ten or twelve miles' distance across the
sea-mirror, seem to approach within speaking-distance; in which the
mountains clothe themselves with brownish green grass to the very
top--in Lofoten to a height of 2000 feet--in which the small birch woods
wreathe themselves up on the slopes and ravines, like white,
sixteen-year-old maidens at play; in which too the air is laden, as in
no other place, with the scent of the growing strawberries and
raspberries there, and when the day is so hot, that you are compelled to
walk in shirt-sleeves, and you are longing to bathe in the rippling sea,
always saturated with sunshine, and perfectly clear to the very bottom.

The powerful aroma and bright colour of things growing there, have been
attributed by the learned to the strong light that fills the atmosphere,
when the sun is above the horizon uninterruptedly the whole twenty-four
hours. And in no other place can such deliciously flavoured strawberries
or raspberries, nor such fragrant birch-boughs, be gathered as in
Nordland.

If there is a home for a wonderfully beautiful idyl, it must be in the
fjord-valleys of Nordland in the summer-time. It is as though the sun
kisses Nature all the more lovingly, because he knows how short a time
they have to be together, and as if they both, for the time, try to
forget that they must part so soon. Then the hill grows green as if by a
sudden miracle, and the bluebell, the dandelion, the buttercup, the
dog-daisy, the wild rose, the raspberry and the strawberry spring up in
lavish abundance, by every brook, on every hillock, on every
mountain-slope; then hundreds of insects hum in the grass as in a
tropical land; then cows, horses, and sheep are driven up the hills and
the mountain-sides, while the Fin from the highlands comes down into the
valley with his reindeer and waters them in the river; then the
cloudberry moors lie reddening for many a mile inland; then there is
quiet, sunny peace in every cottage, where the fisherman is now sitting
at home with his family, putting his tackle in order for the winter
fishing; for in Nordland the summer is more beautiful than in any other
place, and there is an idyllic gladness and peace over Nature, which is
to be found nowhere else.

The Nordlander, too, has a touch of Nature's caressing softness in his
character; when he can manage it, he is fond of living and dressing
well, and lodging comfortably; with regard to delicacies, he is a
thorough epicure. Cod's tongue, young ptarmigan, reindeer-marrow, salted
haddock, trout, salmon and all kinds of the best salt-water fish,
appropriately served with liver and roe, nourishing reindeer-meat and a
variety of game are, like the fresh-flavoured cloudberries, only
every-day dishes to him. And the Fin as well as the Nordland plebeian is
also childishly fond of all sweet things, and his "syrup and porridge"
are widely known.

Brought up in the midst of a nature so rich in contrasts and
possibilities, and amidst scenes of the utmost variety, from the wildest
grandeur to the tenderest beauty, charm and fascination, the Nordlander
is, as a rule, clever and bright, often indeed brilliant and
imaginative. Impressionable as he is, he yields easily to the impulse of
the moment. If there is sunshine in your face, there is sure to be
sunshine in his. But you must not be mistaken in him, and take his
good-nature for perfect simplicity--as is often done here in the south.
Deep in his soul there lurks a silent suspicion, unknown even to
himself, he is always like a watchful sea-fowl that dives at the flash
of the gun, and before the bullet has had time to strike the spot where
it just now lay on the water. He has been used from childhood to think
of the unexpected, the possibility of all possible things in Nature, as
a sword hanging over every peaceful, quiet hour, and he generally
carries this instinct with him in his intercourse with his
fellow-creatures. While you are talking to him, he may dive into his
mind like the sea-fowl, but you do not suspect it, and are not therefore
disconcerted. This introspection may occur while he has tears in his
eyes, and in moments when he is most deeply affected--it is his nature,
and he will always retain a dash of it, even when he has moved, with all
his belongings, from natural into civilised surroundings. He eludes you,
steals, with his imagination and his watchful suspicion, in, among, and
around your thoughts; indeed, if he is a really talented Nordlander--I
am too dull and disinterested to be able to do it--I believe that,
without your suspecting it, he can go, with his hands in his pockets,
right through your mind, in at your forehead, and out at the back of
your head. He would be invaluable as a detective or a diplomatist, if
only he had more strength of character, and succumbed with less childish
weakness to the influence of the moment; but these are unfortunately
his weak points. I am speaking now of the strong trait in the national
character as it shows itself in the more conspicuous natures, and would
not be misunderstood to mean that men of character are not to be found
in Nordland too--many a time, perhaps oftener than elsewhere, they are
hardened into something grand.

In a native Nordland family there will generally be found--such, at
least, is my belief--some drops of Fin blood. It has been remarked
elsewhere that in the Sagas, when the greatest peasant races in
Halgoland were spoken of as descended from half-trolls, or
mountain-ogres, this only meant Finnish descent. Our royal families were
of Finnish extraction, and Fin was a good-sounding name borne by the
greatest men in the land--for instance, Fin Arnesen. [One of Olaf the
Holy's most trusted men.] Harald Haarfager and Erik Blodöxe both married
Fin maidens. The mystic sense-affecting influence which has been
ascribed to them, was only the erotic expression of the great national
connection between the two differently derived elements; the
fair-haired, blue-eyed, larger-minded and quieter Norwegian, and the
dark, brown-eyed Fin, quick of thought, rich in fancy, filled with the
mysticism of nature, but down-trodden and weak in character. The Fin,
to this very day, goes as it were on snow-shoes and sings minor strains,
while many a Norwegian, in his pride of race, little suspects that he
has any connection with that despised people.

There is also, in my experience, a great difference in our national
character, which depends upon whether the crossing has taken place with
the weak Laplander, or with the well-grown, strong, bold Fin. It makes a
difference in temperament, as great as between minor and major in the
same piece of music. That touch of rich colour in our nation, of which
the poet Wergeland's endless wealth of imagery and flight beyond logic
are a representation, is certainly Finnish--at any rate, there is very
little of it in our old Sagas. And it can be understood from this, what
grandeur of nature the Fin has added to the Norwegian character. The Fin
admixture has been a great and essential factor in the composition of
the mental qualities of our people at the present day.

I have often talked with people about this Finnish admixture, which, in
a near degree, is looked upon almost as a disgrace, and I have found a
surprisingly large number who were secretly of my opinion. Finnish
admixture makes energetic, logical, bold, enterprising men; it has, to a
great extent, given a backbone to the character of our Eastland and
Trondhjem people. In Nordland, on the contrary, the Lap element is
predominant, and has in a measure altered the character of the people.
The Fin-Norwegian is master of Nordland nature; the Lap-Norwegian is
subject to it, and suffers under its oppression.

Nature's contrasts in Nordland are too great and extreme for the mind of
the race that lives there not to be exceedingly liable to receive
permanent injury from them. The extreme melancholy and sadness which is
found there in the poor man, and which so often results in mental
derangement and suicide, has most undoubtedly its connection with and
reason in these natural conditions; in the long winter darkness with its
oppressive, overwhelming scenes that crush down the mind in
light-forsaken loneliness; and in the strong and sudden impressions
that, in the dark season as well as in the light, affect all too
violently the delicate inner fibres of being. I have thought over these
things as perhaps no one else has done--thought, while I myself have
been suffering under them; and I understand--although again, when it is
a question of my own person, I do not understand it in the least--why
"second sight," _fremsynethed_ as it is called in Nordland, can there,
just as in the Shetland and Orkney Isles, make its appearance, and be
inherited in a family. I understand that it is a disease of the mind,
which no treatment, no intelligence or reflection can cure. A visionary
is born with an additional sense of sight. Beside his two sound eyes, he
has the power of looking into a world that others have only a suspicion
of, and when the occasion comes it is his doom to be obliged to use his
extraordinary power; it will not be stopped with books or by intelligent
reflection; it will not be suppressed even here in the "enlightened
capital": it can at the most only be darkened for a while with the
curtain of forgetfulness.

Ah! when I think how, at home in Nordland, I pictured to myself the
king's palace in Kristiania, with pinnacles and towers standing out
grandly over the town, and the king's men like a golden stream from the
castle court right up to the throne-room; or Akershus fortress, when the
thundering cannon announce the king's arrival, and the air is filled
with martial music and mighty royal commands; when I think how I
pictured to myself "the high hall of light," the University, as a great
white chalk mountain, always with the sunshine on its windowpanes; or
how I imagined the Storthing [Norwegian parliament] Hall, and the men
who frequent it, whose names, magnified by fancy, echoed up to us, as
though for each one there rang through the air a mighty resounding bell,
names like Foss, Sörenssen, Jonas Anton Hjelm, Schweigaard, and many
others; when I compare what I, up in the north, imagined about all this,
with the "for our small conditions--most respectable reality," in which
I now live and move--it is like a card-castle of illusions, as high as
Snehætten, [Snehætten--a mountain in the Dovre range, 7400 feet high.]
falling over me. Until I was over twenty years of age, I lived only in a
northern fairyland, and I am now for the first time born into the world
of reality: I have been spell-bound in my own fancy.

If I were to tell any one all this, he would certainly--and the more
sensible the man was the more surely--be of opinion that my good Examen
Artium [Artium--an examination to be passed before admittance to the
University is granted.] must clearly have come about by some mistake.
But if life depends on theoretical reasoning and knowledge, I have,
thank God, as good abilities as most men. And I know that in them I have
a pair of pliant oars, with which, as long as I require to do so, I
shall be able to row my boat through practical life without running
aground. The load which I have in the boat, at times so very heavy, but
then again so blissfully beautiful, no one shall see.

I feel a longing to weep away the whole of this northern fairy tale of
mine, and would do it if I could only weep away my life with it. But
why wish to lose all the loveliness, all the illusion, when I must still
bear with me to my dying day the sadness it has laid upon me?

It will be a relief to me in quiet hours to put down my recollections of
this home of mine, which so few down here understand. It is the tale of
a poor mentally-diseased man, and in it there are more of his own
impressions than of outward events.


       *       *       *       *       *


                     PART III


       *       *       *       *       *



CHAPTER I

_HOME_


My father was a country merchant, and owned the trading-place, ----ven
in West Lofoten. He was really from Trondhjem, whence he had come north,
as a destitute boy, in one of those small vessels which are sent from
that city to Lofoten, to trade during the fishing season. In his youth
he had gone through a great deal, and had even worked for a time in a
boat's crew, as a simple fisherman, until he at last got a place as
shop-boy with Erlandsen the merchant, whose son-in-law he became.

My father, in middle age, was a handsome man, black-haired and
dark-skinned, with sharp, energetic features, and in height rather short
than tall. He always wore a brown duffel, seaman's jacket, and glazed
hat. In manner he was stern, and not very accessible; it was said, too,
that he was rather a hard man--for which the severe school of life
through which he had passed was perhaps to blame. If this manner, on the
one hand, made him few friends, on the other, it gained for him a
greater confidence in business matters, in which he was prompt and
expeditious, always claiming to the utmost what he considered to be his
due. People feared him, and would not willingly be on bad terms with
him.

We have generally only flashing recollections of what has happened
before our eighth year, but these flashes last for a whole lifetime. I
have in my mind just such a picture of my poor unhappy mother. I know
her better from that than from all I have heard about her since; from
what I have been told she must have had fair hair and soft blue eyes,
have been pale and delicate, and in figure rather tall. She was also
very quiet and melancholy.

She was Erlandsen's only daughter, and was married to my father while he
was yet a subordinate in Erlandsen's service, and it was said that it
was the old man who brought about the union, thinking it the best way to
provide for her future.

I remember a warm summer day, and the mowers in their shirt-sleeves,
mowing with long scythes, out in the meadow: I was with my mother, as
she passed by them, knitting. Outside the fence lay a half-bare rocky
hill, behind which my mother had a bench. Above this on a stony heap
grew raspberry-bushes, and beside them stood a few small birch-trees.
While I was scrambling about among the stones, picking raspberries,
father called my mother.

When she had gone away, there came over to me from the other side of the
hill a tall, pale lady, who seemed older than mother, dressed in black,
with a stand-up, white, frilled collar; she looked at me very kindly,
and stretched out to me a wild rose spray she had in her hand.

I did not feel at all afraid, and it did not seem as if she were a
stranger. Then she nodded sadly to me in farewell, and went back the
same way she had come.

When mother returned I told her that such a kind, strange lady had been
there, but she must have been in great sorrow, and now she was gone.

My mother--I remember it, as if it were yesterday--stood still for a
minute, as white as a sheet, looking at me with anguish in her eyes, as
if we were both going to die, then she threw her arms above her head,
and fell fainting to the ground.

I was too frightened to cry, but I remember that, while she lay
stretched insensible on the grass by the bench, I threw myself upon her,
crying, "Mother! mother!"

A little while after I had come running to father, who stood in his
shirt-sleeves over in the meadow, mowing with the others, and had said,
sobbing, that mother was dead.

From that hour my mother was out of her mind. For many years she had to
be constantly watched in her own room, and my father must have had many
a sad hour. Afterwards she was taken to a lunatic asylum in Trondhjem,
where two years later she died, without having come to her right mind
for one moment.

The person who had the charge of me during this time was old Anne Kvæn,
a pock-marked, masculine-looking woman, with little brown eyes, rough,
iron-grey hair, strongly marked, almost witch-like features, and as a
rule a short, black clay pipe in her mouth. She had been my mother's
nurse, and was attached to her with her whole soul. When my mother went
out of her mind, she begged earnestly to become her guardian in the blue
room; but this had to be given up, as it was evident that it was just
her presence that most excited the patient's mind. My mother could not
bear to see father either, and me they never dared show her at all.

Old Anne Kvæn had been my mother's only confidante. She was extremely
superstitious and strange. In her imagination, hobgoblins and gnomes
occupied the store-house and boat-house, as surely as my father resided
in the main building; and under the mountain to the east of the harbour,
the underground people carried on, invisibly, their fishing and trading
with Bergen, just as my father did his, visibly, in the world. Old Anne
had certainly filled my poor mother's head with her mystic
superstition, to no less an extent than she did mine. There were all
kinds of marks and signs to be made from morning till night, and she
always wore an uneasy look, as though she were keeping watch. When a
boat came in, you ought to turn towards the sea, and spit, and mutter a
few words against sea-sprites. She could see every man's double. [The
spirit which every one is supposed to have as a follower and companion
through life.] On its account the door must be shut to quickly after any
one had gone out; and she could always hear a warning beforehand when
father was coming home from a journey.

When Anne Kvæn had no longer leave to go into the blue room to my
mother, she silently went through all kinds of performances outside the
door. I remember once standing on the stairs, and seeing her bowing and
curtseying, wetting her finger every now and then, drawing on the door
with it, and muttering, until I fled in terror.

In her incantation formulæ, the word "Jumala" often occurred, the name
of the Bjarmers' old god, whose memory, in the far north, is not so
completely eradicated as one would think, and who to this day has
perhaps some sacrificial stone or other on the wide mountain wastes of
Finland. Against Lap witchcraft--and a suspicion of it was fastened on
almost every Lap boat that landed at the quay--she also had her charms;
she apparently melted down Fin and Christian gods together in her
mystical incantations, for the confounding of Lap witchcraft.

In the midst of such mental impressions as these, I grew up.

The parsonage, with the white-towered church beside it, lay only a short
way from us, down by the sea, on the right-hand side of the bay, looking
out from our trading-place, which lay farther in.

There was a tutor in the place--we always called him "the student"--and
I went to lessons every day with the minister's two children, a bright
boy of the name of Carl, who was a year younger than I, namely twelve,
and his sister Susanna, of exactly the same age as myself, a blue-eyed
wild child, with a quantity of yellow hair, which was always requiring
to be pushed back from her forehead; when she could do so unnoticed by
the student, she made all kinds of faces and grimaces across at us, to
make us laugh.

The tutor was, in fact, exceedingly strict, and inspired the greatest
respect. The torture in which we sat when at school, not daring to look
up at one another for fear our laughter should break out, was really
anything but pleasant; for every time it exploded we fared very badly;
in the first place, we had our hair pulled and our ears boxed, and in
the next, long written harangues in our mark-books about our behaviour.

Susanna was often utterly merciless; it came to such a pass, that with
only a little wink in the corner of her eye, she could instantly put us
in a state of fever, so that we would sit with cheeks as red as apples,
and our eyes fastened on our books, until we could contain ourselves no
longer. She tried especially to work upon me, though she knew I must pay
dearly for misconduct at home; for father was a severe man, who had very
little comprehension of children.

In play hours, we romped with more animation than children generally
indulge in.

In contrast to the strict, gloomy life at home, with father always
either out on business, or up in the office; where, from the blue room,
often came noises and cries from my poor insane mother, and where Anne
Kvæn was always going about, like a wandering spirit, playing with the
parsonage children was like a life in some other and happier, more
sunshiny part of the globe.




CHAPTER II

_ON THE SHORE_


The shore is an even more attractive playground for children in Nordland
than here in the south of Norway. At low-tide there is a much longer
stretch of beach than here.

The sandy bottom lies bare, with pools in it here and there, in which
small fish swim, while down by the sea there sits a solitary gull on a
stone, or a sea-fowl walks by the water's edge. The fine, wave-marked
sand is full of heaps, covered with lines, left by the large, much
sought after bait-worms, that burrow down into the earth. Hidden among
the stones, or in the masses of sea-weed, lie the quick, transparent,
shrimp-like sand-hoppers, which dart through the shallow water when they
are pursued. They are used by small boys as bait, upon a bent pin, to
catch young coal-fish.

Upon the high grassy hill above the beach, among some large stones, we
three children built our own warehouse of flat stone slabs, with
store-house, boat-house and quay below.

In the boat-house we had all kinds of boats, small and great, from the
four-oared punt up to the ten-oared galley, some of wood and bark,
others of the boat-shaped, blue mussel shells. Our greatest pride, the
large yacht--a great, mended trough, with one mast and a deck, that was
constantly being fitted out for the Bergen market--was still not the
best; and I can remember how I many a time sat in church and made
believe that we owned the splendid, full-rigged ship, with cannon, that
hung under the chancel arch, [A ship, symbolical of the church, often
hangs in Norwegian churches.] and how, while the minister was preaching,
I pictured to myself all kinds of sailing-tours, which Carl and Susanna,
but especially Susanna, should look on at in wonder. That ship was the
only thing that was wanting to my happiness.

In the bay, by father's quay, there was a deep, shelving bank, where, at
the end of the summer, came shoals of young cod-fish and other small
fry; and there we boys carried on our fishing, each with his linen
thread and bent pin. We cut the fish open, and hung them over the drying
poles standing in the field over by our own warehouse for the
preparation of dried fish, and we let the liver stand in small tubs to
rot until it became train-oil. Both products were then duly put away in
our store-house, ready "to go to Bergen" later on, in the yacht; and
Heaven knows we worked and slaved as eagerly and earnestly at our work
as the grown-up people did at theirs, yet the only real return we had for
it was the sunshine we got over our sunburnt, happy faces.

Carl was a slenderly-built boy, who generally followed his more
energetic sister in everything. Both children had thick yellow hair;
Susanna's curled in ringlets that seemed to twinkle round her head every
time she moved--which, as already said, she constantly did with a toss
of her head, to keep her hair off her forehead. Both had alike a fair,
brilliant complexion, and beautiful blue eyes. I do not know whether
Susanna at that time was tall or short for her age--I only know I
thought her at least of the same height as myself, though she must
really have been half a head shorter; the difference was probably made
up by my admiration.

I remember her, as she went to church on Sundays with her mother, a
little, pale, soberly-clad, busy woman, who was always, except on Sunday
mornings, knitting a long, dreary stocking. Susanna walked along the
sand-strewn path to church in a white or blue dress, with a dark
shepherdess hat on her head, a little white pocket-handkerchief folded
behind a very large old hymn-book, and white stockings, and shoes with a
band crossed over the instep. I did not think there could be a prettier
costume in the world than Susanna's Sunday dress.

In church the minister's family sat in the first pew, right under the
pulpit, and we--my father and I--a few pews behind; and we children
exchanged many a Freemason's sign, intelligible only to ourselves.

But once Susanna wounded me deeply, even to bitter tears. It became
evident to me that she had made my father the subject of one of her
lively remarks. With his good strong voice, he used to sing the hymns in
the simple country fashion, very loud; but--what I and many others
considered very effective--at the end of each verse he added a peculiar
turn to the last note, which did not belong to the tune, and was of his
own composition. This had been made a subject of remark at the
parsonage, and, like a little pitcher, Susanna had ears. When she
noticed that I had found this out, she looked very unhappy.

When Carl was thirteen, he was sent to the grammar-school in Bergen, and
the "expensive" tutor went away by the last steamboat that same autumn.

From this time Susanna's education was carried on by her parents, and I
was obliged to acquire my learning from the clerk, a good-natured old
man, who himself knew very little more than how to play the violin,
which he did with passion, and a sympathetic if uncultivated taste.

When the clerk had gained my father's permission for me to learn the
violin--and I, like him, preferred this kind of entertainment to
learning lessons--three whole years, in other words, the time until I
was sixteen years of age, were divided between violin-playing and
idleness.

Perhaps if my mind, during this period of my life, had been properly
kept under the daily discipline of work, much in me might have been
developed differently. At it was, the whole of my imaginary life was
unfortunately put into my own power, and I laid the foundation of
fancies which afterwards gained the mastery over my life, to a ruinous
extent. Some strongly impressionable natures require that the dividing
line drawn in every one's consciousness between fancy and reality, shall
be constantly and thoroughly maintained, lest it be obliterated at
certain points, and the real and the imaginary become confused.

Although we no longer had the same abundant opportunities for meeting as
before, Susanna and I were, notwithstanding, constant and confidential
playmates throughout our childhood.

When she had anything to confide to me, she generally watched by the
gate that crossed the road by the parsonage lands, at the time when I
went to or came from the clerk's.

One day, as I came homewards along the road, with my books under my arm,
she was sitting in her blue-checked frock and straw hat, on the steps
by the side of the gate. She looked as if she were in a very bad temper,
and I could see at once that I was in for something.

She did not answer my greeting; but when I attempted to slip through the
gate a little more quickly than she liked, she asked me in an irritated
tone if it were true, as they said, that I was so lazy that they could
make nothing of me at home.

Susanna had often teased me; but what wounded me this time was that I
saw that they had been making my father and me the subject of censorious
remarks at the parsonage, and that Susanna had been a party to it. Had I
known that she now sat there as my defeated advocate, I should certainly
have done otherwise than I did, for with an offended look I passed on
without bestowing a word upon her.

When I came home, I heard that the minister and my father had had a
disagreement in the Court of Reconciliation. The minister, who was a
commissioner of that court, had said that he thought my father went too
quickly forward in a certain case, and my father had given him a hasty
answer. It was on this occasion that judgment was passed upon us in the
parsonage.

This state of affairs between our elders caused some shyness between us
children, and I remember that at first I was even afraid to go by the
parsonage, for fear of meeting the minister on the road.

Susanna, however, made several attempts at advances; but at the first
glimpse of her blue-checked frock I always went a long way round,
through the field above the road, or waited among the trees until she
was gone.

For some time I saw nothing of her; but one day, as I was going through
the gate, I saw written in pencil on the white board of the post that
marked the rode [Rode--a length of road. The high-road is divided into
rodes, and the division between these is marked by posts, on which stand
the names of the houses, whose owners have to keep that portion of the
road in repair.]: "You are angry with me, but S. is not at all angry
with you."

I knew the large clumsy writing well, and I went back to the gate two or
three times that day to read it over and over again. It was Susanna in a
new character; I saw her in thought behind the letters as behind a
balustrade. In the afternoon I wrote underneath: "Look on the back of
the post!" and there I wrote: "D. is not angry with S. either."

The next day Susanna was standing by the fence in the garden when I
passed, but pretended not to see me; she probably repented having been
so ready to make advances.

Although outwardly their relations were polite in the extreme, in
reality my father's intercourse with the minister was from this time
broken off; they never, except on special occasions and in response to a
solemn invitation, set foot within one another's door. This again gave a
kind of clandestine character to the intercourse between me and Susanna.
No command was laid upon us, yet we only met, as it were, by stealth.

We were both lonely children. Susanna sat at home, a prisoner to
every-day tediousness, under her mother's watchful eye, and in my dreary
home I always had a feeling of cold and fright, and as if all gladness
were over with Susanna at the parsonage. It was therefore not surprising
that we were always longing to be together.

As we grew older, opportunities were less frequent, but the longing only
became the greater by being repressed, and the moments we could spend
together gradually acquired, unknown to us, another than the old
childish character. To talk to her had now become a solace to me, and
many a day I haunted the parsonage lands, only to get a glimpse of her.

I was about sixteen, when one morning, as I passed the parsonage garden,
she beckoned to me, and handed me a flower over the wall, and then she
hastily ran in, right across the carrot beds, as if she were afraid some
one would see.

It was the first time it had struck me how beautiful she was, and for
many a day I thought of her as she stood there in the garden among the
bushes with the morning sun shining down upon her.




CHAPTER III

_THE SERVANTS' HALL_


The ghostly spirit which ran through our house, first had free outlet
down in the servants' hall, when the men and maids, and the wayfarers
who were putting up for the night, sat in the evening in the red glow
from the stove, and told all kinds of tales about shipwrecks and ghosts.

On the bench in the space between the stove and the wall, sat the
strong, handsome man Jens with his carpentering and repairs; he used to
do his work, and listen in silence to the others. By the stove
"Komag-Nils" busied himself with greasing komags [Komag--a peculiar kind
of leather boot used by the Fins.] or skins--he had this name, because
he made komags. Komag-Nils was a little fellow, with untidy yellow hair,
which hung over his eyes, and a face as round as a moon, on which the
nose looked like a little button; when he laughed, his wide thin-lipped
mouth and large jaws gave him almost the expression of a death's-head.
His small, watery eyes blinked at you mysteriously, but showed plainly
that he was not wanting in common sense. It was he, in fact, who could
tell the greatest number of stories, but still more was it he who could
get a stranger to tell stories of the visible or the invisible world
just as they occurred to him.

A third man went by a nickname, which, however, they never gave him
within his hearing; Anders Lead-head, was so called, because he now and
then had bad fits of drinking, and nearly lost his place in consequence.
And yet in his way he was extremely capable. In any real dilemma--in a
storm--he rose at once to the responsible post of captain in the boat;
for there was but one opinion of his capability as a sailor. When the
danger was over, he fell back again into the insignificant man.

A girl of twenty years of age, whom we called French Martina, was also
one of the regular servants of the house. She seemed of a totally
different race of beings from the ordinary Nordlander, was quick and
lively, with thick, curly black hair, round a brown oval face with
strikingly regular features. She was slenderly built, of middle height,
and had a good figure. Her eyes, beneath strongly marked, black
eyebrows, were as black as coal; and when she was angry, they could
flash fire. She was in love with the silent Jens, and was extremely
jealous, without the slightest cause. It was said that these two would
make a match when he had been on two or three more fishing expeditions,
but the matter was not officially announced at any rate, I think because
Jens made a passive resistance as long as he could, and never actually
proposed to her. French Martina was, by birth, one of the illegitimate
children of those fishing districts, whose fathers are foreign skippers
or sailors. Her father was said to have been a French sailor.

I was strictly forbidden by my father to go into the servants' hall in
the evening; he knew very well that a good many things were said there
that were not fit for children's ears. But then, on the other hand, it
was just down there that the most interesting things in the world were
talked about. The consequence was that I used to steal down secretly. I
remember how, one dark autumn evening, when I had slipped in, I
listened, while Komag-Nils--the man with the yellow hair and
death's-head grin when he laughed--told a dreadful ghost story from
Erlandsen's predecessor's time.

At that time there stood an old store-house not far from the parsonage.
One Christmas Eve they sat drinking and merry-making in the warehouse.
At eleven o'clock the ale gave out, and a man named Rasmus, who was a
strong, courageous fellow, was sent to the store-house, where the
beer-cask lay, to fill a large pewter jug, which he took with him. When
he got there, Rasmus set the lantern on the cask, and began to draw.
When the jug was full, and he was just meditating putting it to his
lips, he saw, over the beer barrel, lying with its body in the shadow,
where all the barrels stood in a row, a terribly big, broad, dark form,
from which there came an icy breath, as if from a door that stood open;
it blinked at him with two great eyes like dull, horn lanterns, and
said: "A thief at the Christmas ale"! But Rasmus did not neglect his
opportunity. He flung the heavy jug right in the goblin's face, and ran
away as fast as his legs would carry him. Outside there was moonlight on
the snow; he heard cries and howls down on the shore, and became aware
that goblins were pursuing him in ever-increasing numbers. When he came
to the churchyard wall they were close upon him, and in his extremity he
bethought himself of shouting over the wall: "Help me now, all ye dead!"
for the dead are enemies of the goblins. He heard them all rising, and
noises and yells as of a battle followed. He himself was closely pursued
by a goblin, who was just on the point of springing upon him as he
seized the latch of the door, and got safely in. But then he fell
fainting on the floor. The next day--the first Christmas Day [In Norway,
Christmas Day is called "first Christmas Day"; the day after, "second
Christmas Day," and so on to the end of the week.]--the people going to
church saw, strewn all around on the graves, pieces of coffin-boards,
and all kinds of old sodden oars, and such timbers as usually sink to
the bottom after a shipwreck. They were the weapons that the dead and
the goblins had used, and from various things it could be gathered that
the dead were the victors. They also found both the pewter jug and the
lantern down in the store-house. The pewter jug had been beaten flat
against the goblin's skull, and the goblin had smashed the lantern when
Rasmus escaped.

Komag-Nils could also tell a great deal about people with second sight
and their visions of things, sometimes in the spirit world, sometimes in
actual life, of which they either feel a warning, or--as if in a kind of
atmospheric reflection before their mental vision--can see what is
happening at that very moment in far distant places. They may be sitting
in merry company, and all at once, becoming pale and disturbed, they
gaze absently before them into space. They see all kinds of things, and
sometimes an exclamation escapes them, such as: "A fire has broken out
in Merchant N.N.'s buildings in ----vaagen"! or "Trondhjem is burning
now"! Sometimes they see a long funeral procession passing, with such
distinctness that they can describe the place and appearance of every
man in it, the coffin and the streets through which the procession wends
its way. They will say: "A great man is being buried down in
Kristiania"; and when the news comes, it always corresponds with their
statement. It may happen, at sea, that such a man will say to the
captain that he will do well to go out of his course for a little while;
and he is always obeyed, for the crew are quite sure that he beholds in
front of the ship what none of them perceive, perhaps a goblin in his
half-boat, or a spectre, or something else that brings misfortune.

One of Komag-Nils' many stories of this kind had happened to an
acquaintance of his during the winter fishing. The weather had been very
stormy for two days, but on the third had so far lulled that one of the
boats' crews that had been lodging in the fishing hut, thought that it
would be quite possible to draw their nets. But the rest did not care to
venture. Now it is a custom that the different boats' crews shall give
each other a hand in launching the boats, and this was now to be done.
When they came down to the ten-oared boat, which was drawn a good way up
the beach, they found both oars and thwarts reversed, and, in addition
to this, it was impossible, even with their united efforts, to move it.
They tried once, twice, three times without avail. And then one of them,
who was known to have second sight, said that from what he saw, it was
better that they should not touch the boat that day: it was too heavy
for human power. In one of the crews that put up in the fishing-hut
there was a lively boy of fourteen, who entertained them the whole time
with tricks of all kinds, and was never quiet. He took up a huge stone
and threw it with all his might into the stern of the boat. Instantly
there rushed out, visible to every one, a gnome in seaman's dress with a
great bunch of sea-weed for a head. It had been sitting at the stern
weighing down the boat, and now rushed out into the sea, dashing the
water up in spray round it as it went. After that the boat went smoothly
into the water. The man with the second sight looked at the boy, and
said he ought not to have done as he had; but the boy only laughed and
said that he did not believe in goblins or spirits. In the night, when
they had come home and lay sleeping in the hut, at about twelve o'clock
they heard the boy crying for help. One of the men thought, too, he saw
by the dim light of the oil lamp a great hand stretching in from the
door up to the bench on which the boy lay. Before they had so far
collected themselves as to lay hold of the hand, the boy, crying out and
resisting, was already dragged to the door. And now a hard struggle took
place in the doorway, the goblin pulling the boy by the legs, while the
whole crew held him by the arms and the upper part of his body. In this
way, at the hour of midnight, he was dragged backwards and forwards in
the half-open doorway, now the men, now the goblin, having the better of
the struggle. All at once the goblin let go his hold, so that the whole
crew fell over one another backwards on to the floor. But the boy was
dead, and they understood that it was only then that the goblin had let
go. The following winter they used to hear wailings at midnight in the
fishing-hut, and they had no peace until it was moved away to another
spot.

The Nordlander has the same, or even a greater pride in owning the
fastest sailing-boat, that the East countryman in many places has in
having the fastest trotting-horse. A really good boat is talked of in as
many districts in the north, as, a really fine trotter would be in the
south. All sorts of traditions about the speed and wonderful racing
powers of the boats are current in Nordland, and romantic tales are told
of some of them. The best boats in Nordland now came from Ranen, where
boatbuilding has made great strides. To build a good boat with the
correct water-lines requires genius, and cannot be learned
theoretically; for it is a matter of special skill on the part of the
builder of each boat. Ill-constructed boats are sometimes put together
but they are, of course, unsatisfactory and sail only moderately well.
The Nordland boat-builders have long since discovered the high fore and
aft, sharp-keeled boat, to be the most practical, with one mast and a
broad, prettily cut square sail admirably suited to what is most
required, rapid sailing in fore and side winds, though less so for
tacking. The boat is exactly the same shape under water as the
fast-sailing clippers for which the English and Americans have of late
become famed. What it has cost the Nordlanders to perfect the form that
now enables them almost to fly before the wind, away from mighty curling
billows which would bury the boat, if they reached it; how many
generations have suffered and toiled and thought over, and corrected
this shape under pain of death, so to speak, for every mistake made! In
short, the history of the Nordland boat, from the days of men who first
waged war with the ocean up there, to this day is a forgotten Nordland
saga, full of the great achievements of the steadily toiling workman.

One winter's evening in January, a little while before the fishing
began, I heard a story told by a man of one of the large boats' crews
who were then spending the night at our house. He was started by two or
three of Komag-Nils' stories, and wanted to show us that where he came
from, down at Dönö near Ranen, in Helgeland, there were as many and as
wonderful stories and boats, as with us in Nordland. The narrator was a
little, quick-speaking fellow, who sat the whole time rocking backwards
and forwards, and fidgetting upon the bench, while he talked. With his
sharp nose, and round, reddish little eyes, he resembled a restless
sea-bird on a rock. Every now and then he broke off to dive down into
his provision box, as if every time he did so he took out of it a fresh
piece of his story. The story was as follows:

On Kvalholmen, in Helgeland, there lived a poor fisherman named Elias,
with his wife Karen, who had formerly been servant at the minister's
over at Alstadhaug. They had put up a cottage at Kvalholmen, and Elias
was now in the Lofoten fishing-trade, working for daily wages.

It was pretty evident that lonely Kvalholmen was haunted. When the
husband was away, the wife heard many dismal noises and cries, which
could not come from anything good. One day when she was up on the
mountain, cutting grass for winter fodder for the two or three sheep
they owned, she distinctly heard the sound of talking on the beach
below, but dared not look to see who was there.

Every year there came a child, but the parents were both industrious.
When seven years had passed there were six children in the cottage; and
that same autumn the man had scraped together so much that he thought he
could afford to buy a six-oared boat, and henceforward sail to the
fishing in his own boat.

One day as he was walking along with a halibut pike [A long wooden pole
with a barbed iron point to spear halibut with.] in his hand, meditating
over his intention, he stumbled unexpectedly, upon an immense seal,
which lay sunning itself behind a rock down on the shore. The seal was
quite as little prepared for the man as the man for it. Elias, however,
was not slow; from the rock where he stood he thrust the long heavy pike
into its back, just below the head.

And then there was a scene! All at once the seal raised itself upon its
tail straight up in the air, as high as a boat-mast, showed its teeth
and looked at Elias with two bloodshot eyes, so maliciously and
venomously, that he was nearly frightened out of his senses. Then the
seal rushed straight into the sea, leaving a track of blood-tinged foam
behind it. Elias saw nothing more of it; but the same afternoon the
halibut pike, with the iron point broken off, was washed up at the
landing-stage in Kval creek where the house stood.

Elias thought no more of the affair. The same autumn he bought his
six-oared boat, for which he had put up a little boat-house during the
summer.

One night as he lay thinking about this new boat of his, it struck him
that in order to make it thoroughly secure he ought, perhaps, to put one
more plank to support it on each side. He was so fond of the boat, that
it was nothing but a pleasure for him to get up and go with a lantern to
look at it.

While he stood holding the light up over the boat, he suddenly caught
sight of a face in the corner, upon a heap of fishing-net, that exactly
resembled the seal's. The creature showed its teeth angrily at him and
the light, its mouth seeming the whole time to grow wider and wider, and
then a huge man rushed out through the boat-house door, but not too
quickly for Elias to see, by the light of the lantern, that out of his
back there stuck a long iron spike. Now Elias began to understand a
little; but still he was more afraid on account of his boat than for his
own life, and he sat in the boat himself, with the lantern, and kept
guard. When his wife came to look for him in the morning she found him
sleeping, with the extinguished lantern by his side.

One morning in the following January when he put out to fish with two
men in his boat besides himself, he heard in the dark a voice that came
from a rock at the entrance to the creek. It laughed scornfully, and
said: "When you get a ten-oared boat, take care, Elias!"

However, it was many years before anything happened to the ten-oared
boat, and by that time his eldest son, Bernt, was seventeen. That autumn
Elias went into Ranen with his whole family in the six-oared boat, to
exchange it for a ten-oared boat. Only a newly confirmed Fin girl, whom
they had taken in some years before, was left at home.

Elias had in his eye a half-decked ten-oared boat, which the best
boat-builder in Ranen had finished and tarred that very autumn. Elias
knew very well what a boat should be, and thought he had never seen one
so well built under the water-line. Above, on the contrary, it was only
fairly good, so that to any one less experienced it looked heavy, and
with no beauty to speak of.

The builder knew this just as well as Elias. He said he believed it
would be the first boat in Ranen for sailing; but that, all the same,
Elias should have it cheap, if he would only promise one thing, and that
was, not to make any alteration in it, not so much as to put a line on
the tar. Only when Elias had expressly promised this did he get the
boat.

But "the fellow," who had taught the builder the shape for his boats
below water-line--above it, he was obliged to work as he could by
himself, and that was often poorly enough--had probably advised him
beforehand, to sell it cheaply, so that Elias should have it, and also
to make it a condition that the boat should not be marked in any way.
The cross [Customary with fishermen in Nordland to keep evil spirits
away.] usually painted fore and aft, did not, therefore, appear on the
boat.

Elias now thought of sailing home, but first went to the shop and laid
in a supply of Christmas goods including a little keg of brandy for
himself and his family. Delighted as he was with his purchase, both he
and his wife took that day a little more than was good for them, and
Bernt, the son, also had a taste.

Their shopping done, they set out to sail the new boat home. It had no
other ballast than himself, his wife and children, and the Christmas
fare. His son Bernt sat in the fore-part, his wife, with the help of the
second son, held the halliard, and Elias sat at the helm, while the two
younger boys, twelve and fourteen years of age, were to take turns at
baling.

They had eight miles [About thirty-eight English miles = eight Norwegian
sea miles.] to sail, and when they got out to sea, it was pretty evident
that they would come to prove the boat the first time she was used. A
storm was gradually rising, and the foam-crests began to break on the
great waves.

Now Elias saw what sort of a boat he had; she cleared the waves like a
sea-bird, without so much as a drop coming in, and he therefore judged
that he did not need to take in a reef, which in an ordinary ten-oared
boat he would be obliged to do in such weather.

Later in the day he noticed, not far off on the sea, another ten-oared
boat fully manned and with four reefs in the sail, exactly as he had.
Her course was the same as his, and he thought it rather strange that he
had not seen her before. She seemed desirous of racing with him, and
when Elias saw this he could not refrain from letting out another reef.

The boat now flew with the speed of an arrow past naze, island and rock,
till Elias thought he had never been for such a splendid sail before,
and the boat now showed herself to be, as she really was, the first boat
in Ranen.

In the meantime the sea had grown rougher, and two considerable waves
had already broken over them. They broke in at the bow where Bernt sat,
and flowed out to leeward near the stern.

Since it had become darker, the other boat had kept quite close, and
they were now so near to one another that a scoop could have been thrown
across from one boat to the other.

And thus they sailed, side by side, in the growing storm, throughout the
evening. The fourth reef of the sail ought properly to have been taken
in, but Elias was loth to give up the race, and he thought he would wait
until they took a reef in over in the other boat, where it must be
needed quite as much as in his. The brandy keg went round from time to
time, for there was now both cold and wet to be kept out.

The phosphorescence that played in the black waves near Elias's boat
shone weirdly in the foam round the other boat, which seemed to plough
up and roll waves of fire about her sides. By their bright light he
could even distinguish the spars and ropes in her. He could also
distinctly see the men on board, with sou'westers on their heads; but as
their windward side was nearest, they all had their backs turned to him,
and were nearly hidden by the gunwale.

Suddenly there broke over the bows, where Bernt sat, a tremendous wave
whose white crest Elias had long seen through the darkness. It seemed to
stop the whole boat for an instant, the timbers quivered and shook under
its weight, and when the boat, which for a few seconds lay
half-capsized, righted herself and went on her way again, it streamed
out astern. While this was happening, he fancied there were ghastly
cries in the other boat. But when it was over, his wife, who sat at the
halliard, said in a voice that cut him to the heart: "Good God! Elias,
that wave took Martha and Nils with it!"--these were their youngest
children, the former nine, the latter seven years old, who had been
sitting in the bow, near Bernt. To this Elias only answered: "Don't let
go the rope, Karen, or you will lose more!"

It was now necessary to take in the fourth reef, and, when that was
done, Elias found that the fifth ought to be taken in too, for the storm
was increasing; yet in order to sail the boat free of the
ever-increasing seas he dared not, on the other hand, take in more sail
than was absolutely necessary. But the little sail they could carry
became gradually less and less. The spray dashed in their faces, and
Bernt and his next youngest brother Anton, who till now had helped his
mother with the halliard, were at last obliged to hold the yard, an
expedient resorted to when the boat cannot even bear to go with the last
reef--in this case the fifth.

The companion boat, which had in the meantime vanished, now suddenly
appeared again beside them with exactly the same amount of sail as
Elias's boat; and he began rather to dislike the look of the crew on
board of her. The two men who stood there holding the yard, whose pale
faces he could distinguish under the sou'westers, seemed to him, in the
curious light from the breaking foam, more like corpses than living
beings, and apparently they did not speak a word.

A little to windward he saw once more the high white crest of another
huge wave coming through the dark, and he prepared for it in time. The
boat was laid with her stem in a slanting direction to it, and with as
much sail as she could carry, in order to give her sufficient speed to
cleave it and sail right through it. In it rushed with the roar of a
waterfall; again the boat half heeled over, and when the wave was past
his wife no longer sat at the halliard, and Anton no longer stood
holding the yard--they had both gone overboard.

This time, too, Elias thought he heard the same horrible cries in the
air; but in the midst of them he distinctly heard his wife calling his
name in terror. When he comprehended that she was washed overboard, he
only said: "In Jesus' name!" and then was silent. His inclination was to
follow her, but he felt, too, that he must do what he could to save the
rest of the freight he had on board--namely, Bernt and his two other
sons, the one twelve, the other fourteen, who had baled the boat for a
time, but had now found a place in the stern behind their father.

Bernt now had to mind the sail alone; and he and his father, as far as
was possible, helped one another. Elias dared not let go the tiller, and
he held it firmly with a hand of iron that had long lost feeling from
the strain.

After a while the companion boat appeared again; as before, it had been
absent for a time. Now, too, Elias saw more of the big man who sat in
the stern in the same place as himself. Out of his back, below the
sou'wester, when he turned, stuck a six-inch-long iron spike which Elias
thought he ought to know. And now, in his own mind, he had come to a
clear understanding upon two points: one was that it was no other than
the sea-goblin himself who was steering his half-boat by his side and
was leading him to destruction, and the other, that it was so ordained
that he was sailing his last voyage that night. For he who sees the
goblin on the sea is a lost man. He said nothing to the others for fear
of making them lose courage; but he silently committed his soul to God.

For the last few hours he had been obliged to go out of his course for
the storm; the air too became thick with snow, and he saw that he would
have to wait for dawn before he could find out his whereabouts. In the
meantime they sailed on. Now and then the boys in the stern complained
of the cold, but there was nothing to be done in the wet, and moreover
Elias's thoughts were of very different things. He had such an intense
desire for revenge, that, if he had not had the lives of his three
remaining children to defend, he would have attempted by a sudden turn
of his own boat to run into and sink the other, which still, as if in
mockery, kept by his side, and whose evil object he understood only too
well. If the halibut pike could wound the goblin before, then surely a
knife or a landing-hook might now, and he felt that he would gladly give
his life for a good blow at the monster who had so unmercifully taken
his dearest from him, and still wanted more victims.

Between three and four in the morning Elias saw, advancing through the
dark, another foam-crest, so high that at first he thought they must be
near breakers, close to land. But he soon saw that it really was an
enormous wave. Then he fancied he distinctly heard laughter over in the
other boat, and the words, "Now your boat will capsize, Elias!" Elias,
who foresaw the disaster, said aloud: "In Jesus' name!" and told his
sons to hold on, with all their might, to the willow bands on the
rowlocks when the boat went under, and not to leave go until she rose
again. He made the elder boy go forward to Bernt; he himself held the
younger close to him, quietly stroking his cheek, and assured himself
that he had a good hold. The boat was literally buried under the
foam-drift, then gradually lifted at the bow, and went under. When she
rose again, keel uppermost, Elias, Bernt, and the twelve-year-old Martin
still held on to the willow bands. But the third brother was gone.

The first thing to be done now was to cut the shrouds on one side, so
that the mast could float beside them, instead of greatly adding to the
unsteadiness of the boat underneath; and the next to get up on to the
rolling keel and knock the plug in, which would let out the air
underneath, so that the boat could lie still. After great exertion they
succeeded in this, and then Elias, who was the first to get on to the
keel, helped the others up too.

And there they sat through the long winter night, clinging convulsively
with hands and knees to the keel over which the waves washed again and
again.

After two or three hours had passed, Martin whom his father had
supported as well as he could the whole time, died of exhaustion, and
slipped down into the sea. They had already tried calling out for help
several times, but gave it up, because they saw it was of no use.

While Elias and Bernt sat alone upon the overturned boat, Elias said to
his son that he was quite sure he himself would go to "be with mother,"
but he had strong hopes that Bernt might yet be saved, if he only held
out like a man. Then he told him of the goblin he had wounded in the
back with the halibut pike, and how it had revenged itself upon him, and
would not give up "until they were quits."

It was about nine in the morning, when the dawn began to show grey. Then
Elias handed to Bernt, who sat by his side, his silver watch with the
brass chain, which he had broken in two in drawing it out from under his
buttoned-up waistcoat. He still sat for a while, but, as it grew
lighter, Bernt saw that his father's face was deadly pale, his hair had
parted in several places as it often does when death is near, and the
skin was torn from his hands by holding on to the keel. The son knew
that his father could not last long, and wanted, as well as the pitching
would allow, to move along and support him; but when Elias noticed this
he said: "Only hold fast, Bernt! In Jesus' name, I am going to mother"
and thereupon threw himself backwards off the boat.

When the sea had got its due, it became, as every one knows who has sat
long upon an upturned boat, a good deal quieter. It became easier for
Bernt to hold on; and with the growing day there came more hope. The
storm lulled, and when it became quite light, it seemed to him he ought
to know where he was, and that he lay drifting outside his own native
place, Kvalholmen.

He began once more to call for help, but hoped most in a current which
he knew set in to land at a place where a naze on the island broke the
force of the waves, so that there was smooth water within. He did drift
nearer and nearer, and at last came so near to one rock that the mast,
which was floating by the side of the boat, was lifted up and down the
slope of the rock by the waves. Stiff as all his joints were with
sitting and holding on, he yet succeeded by great exertion in climbing
up on to the rock, where he hauled up the mast and moored the boat.

The Fin servant-maid who was alone in the house, had thought for a few
hours that she heard cries of distress, and as they continued she
climbed the hill to look out. There she saw Bernt upon the rock, and the
boat, bottom upwards, rocking up and down against it. She immediately
ran down to the boat-house, launched the old four-oared boat, and rowed
it along the shore, round the island, out to him.

Bernt lay ill under her care the whole winter, and did not go fishing
that year. People thought, too, after this that he was now and then a
little strange.

He had a horror of the sea, and would never go on it again. He married
the Fin girl and moved up to Malangen, where he bought a clearing, and
is now doing well.




CHAPTER IV

_AMONG THE VÆTTE ROCKS_


It was summer. Susanna and I were now in our seventeenth year, and it
was settled that we should be confirmed in the autumn.

It was this year that my father was involved in his unequal struggle
with the authorities--among whom were the sheriff and the minister--as
to whether our trading-place should be a permanent stopping-place for
the Nordland steamer. This was a matter of vital importance to my
father, and the dispute about it, which also interested the whole
district, had already begun to be rather warm.

This was, in fact, not the least important object that the sheriff had
in view when he came that summer on a visit to the minister, who was a
very influential man.

Outwardly there was as yet no rupture between my father and the
minister, and it must have been for the purpose of manifesting this
publicly that during the sheriff's visit my father was invited over to
the minister's two or three times.

It was thus that my father and I were one day asked to go on a
sailing-trip out to the Vætte Rocks, which lay half a mile away. We were
first to fish, and then to eat milk-rings [The thick sour cream off the
pans in which milk has been set up.] on land at Gunnar's Place, a house
rented from the parsonage.

There was always a certain solemnity about the occasion when the
minister's white house-boat with four men at the oars glided out of the
bay, and a considerable number of spectators generally stood on shore to
watch it. That day, father, too, stood out on the steps, with a
telescope. He had excused himself from going, but with good tact had let
me go.

In the cabin, which was open on account of the heat, sat the minister's
wife and the sheriff's two ladies, and outside, one on each side, the
minister and the sheriff, smoking their silver-mounted meerschaum pipes,
and chatting comfortably: they were college-friends. Susanna and I,
together with the housemaid from Trondhjem, who was adorned for the
occasion, had a place in the roomy bow. The minister's wife wanted to
keep that part of the boat in which she had an immense provision
basket--a regular portable larder--under her own eye. The big basket and
the little lady entirely occupied one bench, while the two other ladies,
with their starched dresses, quite filled up the rest of the narrow
cabin.

There was not a breath stirring, and the West Fjord heaved in long,
smooth swells. The fjord lay like a giant at rest, sunning itself. The
wonderfully clear air allowed the eye to see over the mountain ranges,
almost into eternity, while an aërial reflection--an inverted mountain,
with a house under it and a couple of spouting whales--built up a
fairytale for us over the blue stretch of sea. Now and then we met a
sea-fowl, floating on the smooth water; and in our wake gambolled a
porpoise or two.

A little before midday we got in among the Vætte Rocks, and set about
fishing; for first, without considering the provision basket, we had to
procure our own dinner.

On the outer side of the rocks the surf broke noisily in the still day,
and sent up great white jets, or retreated with a long sucking sound, as
if the ocean drew deep, regular, breaths. Restless as Susanna was, she
bent over the gunwale, until her hair almost dipped in her own image in
the water, to look through the transparent sea at the fish, which, at a
depth of fifteen or twenty fathoms, glided in and out among the seaweed
over the greenish-white bottom, and crowded round the lines with which
the grown-up people with their double tackle often drew up two fish at
once. In her eagerness she called me stone-blind, whenever I could not
see just the fish she meant. And short-sighted I was, too, but Susanna's
slightest movement interested me more than any fish.

The scene was indeed enchanting. The white boat rocked over its image,
as if it hung in space. Gunnar's Place, too, lay reflected in the water,
with field-patches below it, and birch-clad slopes above and around it.
The air, which had, later in the day, become misty with the heat, was
filled with the strong scent of foliage, such as is only known in the
south when it has been raining.

In less than an hour the pail was full of fish, enough for a "boiling,"
and we landed.

The minister's wife meantime had a table brought out on to the grass in
front of the house, and on the fine damask cloth she had placed several
milk-rings. She had also made _romme gröd_, [Thick cream, either sweet
or sour, boiled.] and, as far as space would permit, had loaded the
table with courses from the provision basket.

But at last the wine and good things began to confuse the sheriff's
brain a little. To the intense horror of the minister's wife, he related
how her husband, grey-haired and strict as he now was, had been an
unusually gay fellow in his youth, and how they had played many a mad
prank together.

When the sheriff found that he had made a mistake, he tried to mend
matters by a serious toast, in which he expressed a hope that, for the
sake of the district, the minister would be able to defeat all the
machinations of his intriguing neighbour--here he was stopped in his
speech by a meaning look from the minister over at me, as I sat at the
end of the table--and ended with some wandering remarks, which were
meant to turn off the whole thing.

I turned cold, and the perspiration stood on my forehead, and I must
have been as white as a sheet. For my father's sake, I thought I must
keep up appearances, but the food stuck in my throat, and I could not
swallow another mouthful. I looked across at Susanna; she was crimson.

There was a short silence, during which every one ruminated over what
had passed, until the summer day's drowsiness became too overpowering,
and the minister and the sheriff, who were both accustomed to take an
after-dinner nap, proposed that every one should seek a shady place and
rest for an hour.

After what had passed at table I felt utterly miserable. They had
allowed so offensive an opinion about my father to escape, that it was
torture to me to remain any longer in their company.

A little beyond the house, the hill sloped down into a narrow valley,
with birches and willows on the ridge on both sides, and among them
there flowed over the flint stones a clear, twinkling little brook, in
which glided a trout or two. While the others slept, I went up along the
bank, and lay down to brood in solitude over my sorrow.

I do not know how long I had lain thus; but when I looked up, Susanna
sat there in great agitation. She thought they had behaved badly towards
me, she said, and then, as though she could not bear to see me
distressed, she silently stroked the hair back from my forehead again
and again.

There was a warmth in the little hand and an eloquence in her face as
she struggled to keep back her tears, that my heart, so hungering after
affection, could not withstand.

I do not know how it came about, but I only remember that I stood and
pressed her passionately to my heart, with my cheek against hers, and
begged her to love me, only a little, and I would love her without
measure the whole of my life. I remember, too, that she answered "Yes,"
and that we both cried.

A little while after we stood hand in hand, smiling and looking at one
another. A new thought had simultaneously come to us both--that now we
were engaged. Susanna was the first to give it expression, and said, as
she looked at me out of the depths of her faithful blue eyes, that from
this time I must always remember that she was fond of me, however unkind
the others were.

We heard them calling us, and--what we had never thought of doing
before--Susanna hurried on by herself a little way, so that we each came
back to the others alone.

       *       *       *       *       *

It was far on into the morning of the next day, when Anne Kvæn roused me
with a shake, as she had been accustomed to do since I was a child, and
told me that my father had started that morning for Tromsö. He had been
up to my room before he went, and when he came down again said that I
lay smiling in my sleep, and "looked so happy, poor boy"!

It was very seldom that any sympathetic words came from my father, so
these are imprinted on my memory.

My father himself at that time was anything but cheerful. The steamboat
dispute lay heavy on his heart, and he now wanted to try, as a last
resort, to have the matter thoroughly aired in the newspapers, and it
was about this that he now wanted to apply personally to a solicitor at
Tromsö.

These circumstances, however, did not come to my knowledge at that time.




CHAPTER V

_CONFIRMATION_


While matters were in this state between our parents, the time came for
Susanna and me to be confirmed. As I was not entered until some time
after the confirmation course had begun, it was arranged that, besides
the class in the church every Monday, I was to read alone with the
minister on Fridays.

In his abrupt way my father made me a little private speech, in which he
expressed a hope that I would not disgrace him before the minister.

The lesson up in the minister's study was an entirely new mental
development for me. The big, grey-haired man, with his broad, powerful
face, and massive silver spectacles, generally pushed up on to his
forehead above the heavy eyebrows, sat on the sofa with his big
meerschaum pipe in his mouth, and expounded, while I, smart and
attentive, listened in the chair on the opposite side of the table.

I became more and more convinced that the minister must be an honourable
and thoroughly sincere man, but at the same time hard and severe; for
he always talked about our duties, and that we must not think that
pardon would be given us if we tried to escape from them. Sometimes,
too, he would be in the humour for reflections which were not quite
intended for me; there were all kinds of attempts to reason away doubts
that might possibly arise in matters of belief, especially about
miracles, which he generally wanted to explain in a natural way. He
could be exceedingly clever in his comparisons, and I used then to think
in this, as in much of the strong-willed expression of his face when he
talked, that I recognised Susanna's nature. The small, well-shaped hands
and the well-proportioned though not tall figure, she had evidently
inherited from her father, as also a certain quick movement of the head
when her words were to be made more impressive than usual. But Susanna
had in addition a warmth and impulsiveness, almost volcanic in their
nature, which struck me as foreign to the expression that lay in the
minister's cold, clear, intelligent eyes.

The minister praised me for my thoughtfulness, but repeated several
times, to my secret humiliation, that I had a way of furtively looking
down that I must try to get rid of. He doubtless thought that I was
excessively embarrassed, perhaps, too, that I suffered under the
consciousness of my father's position with regard to him.

However that may be, his cold, piercing, blue or grey eyes sometimes
looked at me as if they saw right through me and cut me up like an
orange, right into my secret with Susanna. I felt like a traitor who was
betraying his confidence, and I pictured to myself what he would think
of me one day, when he came to know all, and that during his instruction
on the subject of my eternal happiness I could have sat before him so
false and bold. I became more and more convinced during the lessons on
the Explanation, [Of Luther's Catechism] that my relations with Susanna,
as long as they were kept a secret from her parents, were wrong, and now
I was going, with this deliberate sin on my conscience, coolly and with
premeditation to kneel at the Lord's Table.

These scruples haunted me at home, too, and at last became a real
martyrdom to me. All sin, said the Explanation, could be forgiven,
except sin against the Holy Ghost.

The deeper my imagination was plunged in meditation on this mysterious
crime against Heaven, which was beyond the limits of pardon and could
not be forgiven, the higher rose the torturing anxiety in my mind lest
the very sin that I was now calmly and deliberately about to commit, was
of that kind.

My hesitation was especially on the subject of the Sacrament, which I
now boldly, and with full purpose, intended to desecrate, by concealing
the fact that I was deceiving the very person that would give it to me.
I tried in vain to dismiss these thoughts, or at any rate to put them
off, until the very last day before confirmation. My mind became every
day more uneasy, and in my imagination there arose thoughts that no
longer depended on my own will, and I stood dismayed before all the
visions and possibilities of hell's terror.

I dared not reassure myself by trying to get Susanna to talk about my
fears; for as long as she was ignorant that what was to be done was a
sin, she was not to blame; and rather than involve her with myself, I
would bear my burden alone. To reveal the whole thing at the last moment
to the stern minister would, of course, disclose our engagement, would
be an unbearable scandal for us both, and, as I thought, would only
result in my losing Susanna; and this I dared not risk without her
consent. The whole thing was thus knotted into an impossible ring, out
of which no escape seemed possible.

On the last two Mondays when I stood in the church while the minister
examined us, I often looked earnestly over at Susanna. She stood there,
bright, smiling and inattentive; she suspected nothing, and could give
no help.

During the days immediately before the confirmation my distress rose to
fever height, several times I was scarcely in my right mind, and felt
dreadfully unhappy. It seemed to me at last that I was actually throwing
away my eternal happiness for Susanna's sake. At night I started up from
terrifying dreams, in which I saw myself kneeling at the altar with
Susanna beside me--she looking so unsuspecting, so supernaturally
beautiful, while the minister stood with a face of thunder, as if he
knew that a soul would now be destroyed, and that, in the Communion, he
was carrying out God's vengeance. Another night I awoke with a fancy
that a scornful laugh came from under the bed, and with a conviction
that the Evil One lurked there, curled up like a great snake. I hid
myself with a beating heart under the down quilt, until I heard people
moving in the yard below in the morning, and then I ventured to fly from
the room.

It was Confirmation Day.

I stood at the glass that morning, before church-time, dressing myself
in my new clothes, in the "blue room," the room in which my mother had
been confined during the many years she was ill. I could see, through
the small-paned windows, boat after boat full of nicely-dressed
confirmation candidates, with their parents in holiday costume, rowing,
in the bright autumn day, across the bay, and landing, some at our
pier, others at the parsonage landing-place.

An impression of solemnity suddenly filled me with despair; I thought of
how all these people would come into God's kingdom as easily as they
were now rowing into the sunny bay this quiet Sunday morning, while I
alone stood without hope of salvation. I saw all at once that in my sad,
spiritually dark home, I had always, from childhood upwards, really had
a feeling in my inmost heart that happiness and blessedness were not
meant for me, and that all the happiness and joy I hitherto had was
really only borrowed sunshine from the parsonage. And with the sin I was
carrying, I could only have Susanna as a loan until I died, when we
should have to part, and I must go back to the evil powers of
unhappiness, which, from my earliest hour here at home, had taken
possession of me.

I leant against the wall and cried.

As I was about to continue my dressing, and turned to the glass, it was
without terror, even with a certain tranquillity, that my gaze fell on
the old vision of my childhood, the lady with the rose whom I saw
standing behind me in the open chamber-door, pale and sorrowful, looking
at me, until she suddenly vanished.

The church bells were ringing and the people were streaming towards the
church. To-day Anne Kvæn and all the house servants were also among the
churchgoers. Father went with me, and bowed respectfully to the minister
when they met at the entrance.

The order in which we confirmation candidates were to stand in church
had been decided the Monday before. I was to stand first on the boys'
side, Susanna first on the girls' side.

One hymn had already been sung before Susanna came with her mother,
dressed like a grown-up lady in a black silk dress, with gauze on her
neck and arms, and a locket on her breast. She remained sitting by her
mother in the parsonage pew until the affecting sermon was over.

I must have looked very ill and exhausted; for as the minister began the
catechising at me, he stopped in the middle of a question with a look as
if asking what was the matter with me. I answered his question
correctly, and with a nod he went across to Susanna, who stood there
with folded hands, looking down, tearful and rather pale with excitement
before her question came. While her father put it, she looked up at him
with her sweet blue eyes so innocently and trustfully that it was more
than clear that she had no thought of an evil conscience at that moment.
When it was got through and her father went on to the next candidate,
she smiled, relieved though serious, across to me as if I were the
person to whom she could properly turn in this hour.

I looked, as often as I could do so unnoticed, across to her as she
stood there, tall and beautiful, with her luxuriant hair dressed in
grown-up fashion. Now and then she looked across at me, but I avoided
meeting her eye. Her glance now seemed to add to my sin, just as every
sacred word I heard only added to my load, and had an effect the very
opposite of comforting.

The service was long, and the nervous strain affected me, as it has
often done since, in such a way that there was a singing in my ears and
dark spots swam before my eyes. Wherever I looked there appeared to my
horror a dark blot, and, full of anxiety, I thought that perhaps this
was already the beginning of the curse. I dared not look at Susanna any
more for fear of throwing the black spot on her, and at last I could not
forbear looking at the floor where I stood to see if there were possibly
burnt marks under my feet. I thought of the sea-sprite, who in Vaagen's
church had enticed the minister's daughter to go with him, and whose
instinct had driven him out of church during the blessing, whereas I was
condemned to stand.

After the promise was given, I remember only dimly that another
discourse was pronounced and more hymns were sung.

When I once more found myself upon the way home with my father, who with
an anxious look supported me, my last recollection of the whole thing
was that Susanna, who I suppose discovered that I was ill, had towards
the end of the service looked at me with just the same expression as the
lady with the rose had done that very morning--quiet, pale, sorrowful,
like one who would be glad to help, but could not.

I think that what my father had said to me about not disgracing him
before the minister contributed not a little to the fact that I kept up
to the last; for I fainted as soon as we got home and was put to bed,
while my father, who had now become seriously alarmed, immediately sent
an express messenger for the doctor.

When he came the next day, he found me in wild delirium. My fancy
overflowed, like a river from which all dams are removed, with a stream
of the wildest conceptions. It seemed to me that dreadful forms danced
and nodded round the bed, and among them one with a long letter of
condemnation, with a seal under it, and that Anne Kvæn was there,
rolling glittering eyes, while now and again Susanna looked at me with a
glance full of pain, as if it were not in her power to hinder my
perdition.

From what I learned afterwards, the doctor at first thought it was a
nervous fever, but from certain symptoms and the nature of my ravings,
concerning which Anne Kvæn, who probably had her own thoughts on the
subject, thought it necessary to inform him, he quite changed his
opinion. He had attended my poor mother in her mental illness, and now
found the same fancy about the lady and the rose, and the same dread of
evil spirits in me the son.

       *       *       *       *       *

Three weeks later I was quite well again, though pale and exhausted by
the long nervous paroxysms. The whole millstone weight of sin was, as it
were, gone from my bosom, and I went to the altar without the smallest
scruple.

And I felt quite a dignified person when, on the following Sunday, I
went on a confirmation visit to the parsonage in my black dress-coat. On
this occasion Susanna sat--perhaps a little on show on my account--like
a grown-up lady at her own work-table in the window-seat. When her
mother went out of the room to fetch red-currant wine and cakes, I, at a
sign from her, had hastily to look at her precious work-table with all
the drawers, both those above and those that appeared below when she
pushed the upper drawers away. In one of these last, which she opened
with an arch look, but shut again like lightning as her mother came in,
lay the brass ring with glass stones in it that I had once given her,
and I recognised two or three old scraps of letters dating from the time
when we were children.

When I went away it was with a beating heart, for I had unexpectedly an
interview in which Susanna's true feeling had been revealed to me more
clearly than it could have been by any verbal assurance.

It struck me that something must lately have happened at home, for the
curt, cold way in which my father used to treat me was wonderfully
changed. For instance, he made me a present of a double-barrelled gun in
a sealskin case, and a watch, and he proposed that during the days
before my going away Jens and the four-oared boat should be at my
disposal as often as I wished to go out shooting or fishing.

I understood what had happened when the doctor one day made his
appearance, and asked me to go up with him to my room.

The broadly-built, bald, little doctor, in his homespun coat, and
steel-rimmed spectacles on his snub-nose, was one of the hardy people of
our fjord districts who glory in going out in all kinds of weather. You
always saw him in the best of spirits when he had just been out in
stormy weather. He was a decided and clear-headed man, whose manner
involuntarily inspired confidence, and he also possessed a warmth and
open-heartedness that made him, when he chose, very winning. He was the
doctor both at our house and the parsonage, and a confidential friend of
both families.

When we came up to my room, he told me to sit down and listen to him,
while he himself, as usual, made out a route on the floor, where, with
his hands behind him, he could walk up and down while he talked.

He had, he said, considered carefully whether he should conceal from me
what he had on his mind, or speak out as he was now doing, but had
decided on the latter course, as my recovery depended upon my being
perfectly clear as to what it was I was suffering from. My last illness
had, partly at any rate, been an outbreak of a disposition to insanity,
which he knew lay in the family on my mother's side for several
generations back. That this outbreak had now taken place in me was
certainly due to the fact that I had given myself up to all kinds of
imaginary influences, in conjunction with the idle life which he knew I
had always led at home. The only certain means for stopping the
development of this disposition was work with a fixed, determined end in
view--for instance, study--which he thought I showed an ability for, and
in addition a healthy life--walks, hunting, fishing, companions and
interests; but no more idleness, no more exciting novels, no more
unhealthy dreams. He had talked to my father upon the subject, and
recommended that I should go to the training college at Trondenæs as a
fitting preparation for study, and as a measure that would also afford
the necessary interruption to my present life.

When the doctor soon after left me, I remained sitting in my room,
serious and much moved.

That I had thus become transparent to myself, and had solved my own
riddle, was an extraordinary relief to me--I may say it was an episode
in my life.

The feeling of being mentally ill, which had always, as long as I could
remember, lain a silent pressure, a foreboding of unhappiness, in the
background of my mind--although dissipated in the brighter summer-time
of my companionship with Susanna--was therefore no sin, no burden of
crime, no dark mysterious exception in me from every other natural order
of things, but only a disease, actually only a disease, which was to be
treated with a correspondingly natural treatment!

I had never thought that any one could be as glad to hear that he was
mad, or at any rate that there was danger of his becoming so, as
over-good news; but now I know that such a thing can be.

I prayed now, as it seemed for the first time in my life, really,
confidently, and trustfully to God, to whom I stood in the same relation
as every one else, or, if there were any difference, even nearer,
because I was a poor, sick creature.

I felt as if God's sun had shone out upon me after a long, weary, rainy
day. I prayed for myself, for Susanna, for my father; and in the
enjoyment of this new condition of security I went on to pray first for
every single person at home, then for those at the parsonage, then for
the clerk, and at last, for want of others, as we do in church, for "all
who are sick and sorrowful," among whom, with a glad heart, I now
classed myself.




CHAPTER VI

_AT THE CLERK'S_


It was only two days before I was to start for Trondenæs in a vessel
which was lying ready to go north.

While I was irresolutely considering every possible means of getting a
last talk with Susanna before I started, there came a message from the
clerk to say that I must be sure to come out to him the next day at
eleven o'clock precisely; he would not be at home later.

The same morning that the message came Susanna had been at the clerk's.
Without saying a word, she sat down at the table with her face buried in
her arms.

When the alarmed clerk pressed the "child of his heart"--as he called
her in his concern--for an explanation, she at length lifted up a
tear-stained face to him, and said she was crying because she was so
very, very unhappy.

"But why, dear Susanna?"

"Because," burst suddenly on his ear, "I love David, and he loves me,
and we are engaged; but no one must know it except you--and you will not
betray us?"

With this last question she threw herself weeping upon the neck of the
stunned and bewildered clerk, who in his heart was already won over,
long before he had made out what it was he was undertaking.

He replaced Susanna in her chair, talked to her and comforted her until
he had matured in his own mind the sensible reply, that we ought to look
upon the coming two years of separation as trial years, and therefore,
during that time, we ought not to write to one another. Only, he had to
promise in return that we should meet the next morning at his house for
a few moments, for a last farewell, and that, during the time I was
away, he should tell her everything he heard about me.

When I came to him the next day, I found him sitting on a wooden chair,
very serious and thoughtful, with his arms supported on his knees, and
staring down at the floor, which was strewn with juniper, as if for a
grand occasion. My arrival did not seem to disturb his reflections,
although a little nod when I entered showed me that at any rate I was
noticed. He swung his violin slowly backwards and forwards before his
knees, with a gentle twang of the strings at each swing, so that it
sounded like a far-off church bell. His gentle grey eyes rested on me
with a pondering, critical gaze, as if he were really looking at me now
for the first time, and a faint smile showed that the examination had
not a bad result.

A little while after, a shadow crossed the doorway, and to my surprise
Susanna came in. She came quickly up to me, blushing, and took my hand,
saying:

"Dear David, the clerk knows everything; he has given us leave to say
good-bye here."

"Yes, children, I have," said the clerk, "but only for a few moments,
because Susanna begged so hard for it, and also that you may both hear
my opinion of the whole thing after thinking it over."

He now made a little speech, in which he said that he did not see
anything very wrong in our loving one another, although we were indeed
absurdly young. He hoped, too--and he had thought a great deal about
it--that our not revealing our engagement to our parents was excusable,
as they would scarcely even look at the matter as really serious, and we
might feel hurt. He did not intend to be a receiver of secret
love-letters, as Susanna had asked him, and that both for his own sake
and for ours, because we ought to use the approaching two years of trial
to see if there really were any truth in our love, or if it were only a
childish fancy of the kind that afterwards evaporates.

With these words the old clerk good-naturedly left the room.

When we were alone, Susanna told me in a whisper why she had ventured to
confide in the clerk. She had heard at home that in his youth he had
once been disappointed in love, and that that was the reason why he had
never married, and had become so strange. Then in eager haste she drew
out of her pocket--she still wore her old, short, blue-checked,
every-day dress, but her hair "in grown-up fashion"--a cross of small,
blue beads. She also drew from her pocket a silk cord which I was to
wear round my neck nearest my heart.

With some further trouble she produced from the pocket that contained so
much, a small pair of scissors. With these she cut off a curl of my
hair, just that black one on the temple, that she had long had her eye
upon, she said, and which she meant to keep in her confirmation locket.
When I asked for one of hers that I "had long had my eye upon," she said
it was not necessary, as the bead cross she had given me was threaded on
her own hair.

Then there was something I must promise her, which she had thought out
while she sat sewing at home, for she thought of so much then. It was,
that when I became a student, I should give her a gold engagement ring
with the inscription "David and Susanna" on one half of the inside, and
on the other half there should be "like David and Jonathan." It was the
disagreement between our parents that had made her think of this.

"But," she broke off, "you are not listening to me, David?"

And, indeed, I was thinking about something else, and that was, whether
I dared give her a farewell kiss: I remembered last summer out among the
Vætte Rocks.

At that moment there was a scraping of feet on the doorstep outside,
which meant that the clerk thought our interview must soon come to an
end, and, to my disappointment, Susanna hastened to hide the presents,
which I still held in my hand, in my breast pocket. She had just done
this when the clerk came in, and said that now we must say good-bye to
one another.

Susanna looked at the clerk, and then, pale, and with eyes full of
tears, at me, as if the thought that we were to part now struck her for
the first time. She made a quick movement--she evidently wanted to throw
her arms round my neck, but restrained herself, because the clerk was
present.

So she only took my hand, lifted it to her lips without saying a word
and hurried away.

It was more than I could bear, and I think it was too much for the old
clerk too. He walked up and down, gently twanging his violin strings,
while I, at the table, let my tears flow freely.

Before I left he played a beautiful little piece which he had composed
when he was twenty. It touched me deeply, because I felt as if it were
written about Susanna and me; it echoed long after in my mind, so that I
learnt it by heart.

"There is a continuation of it," said he, when he had ended, and
then--after a short pause as of sad recollection--"but it is not very
cheerful, and is not suitable for you!"

The next morning early, when the yacht sailed, a handkerchief was waved
from the drawing-room window in the parsonage, and, in answer, a glazed
hat was lifted on board.




CHAPTER VII

_TRONDENÆS_


On a naze to the north of Hind Island in Sengen lies Trondenæs church
and parsonage. The latter was a royal palace in Saint Olaf's time, and
Thore Hund's brother Siver lived there. Bjark Island, where Thore Hund
had his castle, is only a few miles off.

The church itself is in many respects a remarkable historical monument.
Its two towers, of which one was square and covered with copper, and had
an iron spire, and the other octagonal, exist only in legends, and of
the famous "three wonderfully high, equal-sized statues" there are only
remains which are to be seen at the west doorway.

This church was once the most northern border-fortress of Christendom,
and stood grandly with its white towers, the far-echoing tones of its
bells and its sacred song, like a giant bishop in white surplice, who
bore St. Olaf's consecration and altar lights into the darkness among
the Finmark trolls. Its power over men's minds has been correspondingly
deep and great. Thither past generations for miles round have wended in
Sunday dress before other churches were built up there. If the soapstone
font which stands in the choir could enumerate the names of those
baptised at it, or the altar the bridal pairs that have been married
there, or the venerable church itself tell what it knew, we should hear
many a strange tale.

Protestantism has plundered the church there as elsewhere; remains of
its painted altar-shrines are found as doors to the peasants' cupboards,
and what was most imposing about the building is in ruins. But the work
of destruction could not be carried farther. The old Roman Catholic
church feeling surrounds it to a certain extent to this day, with the
old legends that float around it, and is kept up by the foreign
paintings in the choir, by the mystical vaults, and by all the ruins,
which the Nordlander's imagination builds up into indistinct grandeur.
The poor man there is, moreover, a Catholic in no small degree in his
religious mode of thought and in his superstition. It comes quite
naturally to him, in deadly peril, to promise a wax candle to the
church, or to offer prayer to the Virgin Mary. He knows well enough that
she is dethroned, but nevertheless he piously includes her in his
devotions.

I dwell upon the memories of this church and its surroundings, because
during the two years I stayed at Trondenæs I was so strongly influenced
by their power over the imagination. The hollow ground with the supposed
underground vaults were to me like a covered abyss, full of mysteries,
and in the church--whose silence I often sought, since it lies, with its
strangely thought-absorbing interior, close to the parsonage, and, as a
rule, stood open on account of the college organ practice--daylight
sometimes cast shadows in the aisles and niches as if beings from
another age were moving about.

I made great progress in Latin and Greek under the teaching of the
agreeable, well-informed minister, in whose house I lived, and in other
subjects under one of the masters of the college; but in my leisure
hours I sought the spots which gave so much occupation to my fancy, and
therefore Trondenæs was anything but the right place for my diseased
mind.

My nervous excitability has some connection with the moon's changes as I
have since noticed. At such times the church exercised an almost
irresistible fascination over me; I stole there unnoticed and alone, and
would sit for hours lost in thought over one thing and another,
indistinct creations of my imagination, and among them Susanna's light
form, which sometimes seemed to float towards me, without my ever being
quite able to see her face.

It was late in the spring of the second year I was at Trondenæs, that
one midday, being under the influence of one of these unhealthy moods, I
sat in the church on a raised place near the high altar, meditating,
with Susanna's blue cross in my hand.

My eye fell on a large dark picture on the wall beside the altar, which
I had often seen, but without its having made any special impression on
me. It represented in life-size a martyr who has been cast into a
thorn-bush; the sharp thorns, as long as daggers, pierced his body in
all directions, and he could not utter a complaint, because one great
sharp thorn went into his throat and out at his open mouth.

The expression of this face struck me all at once as terrible. It
regarded me with a look of silent understanding, as though I were a
companion in suffering, and would have to lie there when its torments
had at last come to an end. It was impossible to remove my eyes from the
picture; it seemed to become alive, now coming quite near, now going far
away into a darkness that my own dizzy head created.

It was as though in this picture the curtain was drawn aside from a part
of my own soul's secret history, and it was only by an effort of will,
called forth by a fear of becoming too far absorbed into my own fancy,
that I succeeded in tearing myself away from it.

When I turned, there stood in the light that fell from the window near
the front pew, the lady with the rose. She wore an expression of
infinite sadness, as though she knew well the connection between me and
the picture, and as if the briar-spray in her hand were only a miniature
of the thorn-bush in which yonder martyr lay.

In the lonely stillness of the church a panic came over me, an
inexpressible terror of unseen powers, and I fled precipitately.

When I got outside, I discovered that I had lost Susanna's blue cross.
It could only be in the church on the step where I had been sitting. At
that moment, while my heart was still throbbing with terror, I would not
have gone back again into the church for anything in the world--except
Susanna's blue cross. I found it, when I carefully searched the floor
where I had been sitting.

The second time during these years that my nervous system gave evidence
of its unsoundness was late in the autumn, a month or two before I was
to go home.

A peasant, who had gone in to see the minister, had fastened his horse,
which was wall-eyed, to the churchyard wall. I began to look at it; and
the recollection of its dead, expressionless glance followed me for the
rest of the day. It seemed to me as if its eyes, instead of looking out,
looked inwards into a world invisible to me, and as if it would be
quite natural if it forgot to obey the reins, and left the ordinary
highway for the road to Hades, along which the dead are travelling.

With this in my mind, I sat that afternoon in the parsonage where people
were talking of all kinds of things, and there suddenly appeared before
me a home face, pale and with a strained look, and soon after I could
see that the man to whom it belonged was striving desperately to climb
up from the raging surf on to a rock. It was no other than our man
Anders. He fixed his dull, glassy eyes upon me as he struggled,
apparently hindered from saving himself by something down at his feet,
which I could not see. He looked as if he wanted to tell me something.
The vision only lasted a moment; but a torturing almost unbearable
feeling, that in the same moment some misfortune was befalling us at
home, drove me from the room to wander restlessly in the fields for the
rest of the day.

When I came back they asked me what had been the matter, that I had so
suddenly turned deadly pale and hurried from the room.

A fortnight later there came a sad letter from home. My father's yacht,
the _Hope_, which, after the custom of those days, was not insured, and
was loaded for the most part with fish, which my father had bought at
his own cost, had been wrecked on the way from Bergen in a storm on
Stadt Sea. The ship had sprung a leak, and late in the afternoon had to
be run ashore. The crew had escaped with their lives, but our man Anders
had had both legs broken.

This shipwreck gave the first decided blow to my father's fortune. The
second was to come towards the end of the following year, in the loss of
another yacht, the _Unity_; and the third blow, with more important
results, was struck when it was at last decided by Government that our
trading station was not to be a stopping-place for steamers.




CHAPTER VIII

_AT HOME_


In December I was once more at home, where I found everything outwardly
the same as of old, only, possibly by reason of what had passed, still
quieter and sadder. My father was restlessly active, but not very
communicative. He probably did not consider me fitted to share his
anxieties.

Susanna, who, like myself, was now over nineteen years of age, was on a
visit at a house some miles away and was to come home at Christmas. My
longing for her was indescribable.

It was during the last dark, stormy week before Christmas, that the
Spanish brig _Sancta Maria_ was driven by the weather in to our station,
in a rather damaged condition, which, with the poor labour we could
command, resulted in her having to lie under repair for nearly six
weeks.

The captain, who owned both ship and cargo, was a tall, sallow,
becomingly-dressed Spaniard, with iron-grey hair, black eyes, and large
features. With him was his son, Antonio Martinez, a handsome young man
with an olive-brown face and fiery eyes like his father's.

My father, who had done Señor Martinez considerable service in the
getting in the cargo, now invited him, with Nordland hospitality, to put
up at our house.

Although the intercourse between us could not be very lively, as the
foreigners only understood a few Norwegian words and were often obliged
to have recourse to a phrase-book, it was soon evident that they were
both very agreeable men. Their principal occupation consisted in making
and smoking cigarettes the whole day, and in superintending the work on
the brig.

The dark season has a depressing effect upon the spirits of many in the
North, especially on those days when there is very little to do. Thus,
during Christmas, and especially on Christmas Eve, my father used to be
excessively melancholy. While gaiety filled the whole house, and the
smartly-dressed servants kept Christmas round the kitchen table, which
was adorned with treble-branched candlesticks, he generally sat shut up
in the office with his own thoughts, and would not be disturbed by any
one.

This Christmas Eve, however, he was in the parlour for a while, on Señor
Martinez's account; but he was silent and dejected the whole time, as if
he were only longing for his solitary office, to which, moreover, he
retired directly after supper.




CHAPTER IX

_THE CHRISTMAS VISIT_


About Christmas-time that winter in our part of Lofoten there were a
number of foreigners, mostly ships' captains, who, on account of bad
weather or damage to their vessels, were staying at different places on
shore, as Martinez was with us. There were also notabilities from the
south on public business. One result of this was a number of social
gatherings, in which the hosts vied with one another in open
hospitality.

On the third New Year's day [The 3rd of January.] we were invited to
dinner and a ball at the house of the wealthy magistrate, Röst, where
some of the gentlemen from the south were staying for the time. It was
only a journey of a mile and a half [Between ten and eleven English
miles.] for us, but many had six or eight miles to go, and the greater
part of that by sea.

Röst's large rooms could accommodate a great number of guests, but this
time, in order to put up for the night all those invited, he had had to
take a neighbouring house in addition.

In proceeding with the account of this visit, which was to be so
eventful and exciting for me, I have promised myself to be short, and
shall thus omit many a feature and many an outline that belongs to a
more detailed representation of the life in Nordland.

According to the invitation, we were to dine at three, but most of the
boats made their appearance two or three hours in advance of that time.
While the ladies were dressing upstairs, the gentlemen assembled in an
intentionally dimly-lighted room, where they could take a "mouthful" and
a dram, which were very acceptable after the journey. They were also
made acquainted with one another by the careful host.

We waited long and in vain for the minister and his ladies, and at last
had to go to table without them.

The doors of the large, brilliantly-lighted dining-room were now thrown
open, the guests streamed upstairs, and, after much stopping in the
doorway and long polite disputes over the order of precedence, took
their places round the great loaded horse-shoe table, that glittered
gaily with a compact row of wine bottles, treble-branched candlesticks,
high cake-dishes, and, especially up by the place of honour, a perfect
heap of massive silver plate. Three places were reserved for the
minister and his family up by the notabilities. My father sat by Señor
Martinez at the principal table, and I, in modesty, farther down at one
of the side tables.

The dinner was of that good, old, genial sort which is now unfortunately
going more and more out of fashion. It is true, people ate with their
knives and knew nothing about silver forks; but on the other hand there
was real happiness in the gathering, and it formed the subject of many
an entertaining conversation for long after.

At first, while we were still chilled by the cold feeling of the white
cloth, and awed by the festal atmosphere, it was indeed very stiff.
Neighbours scarcely ventured to whisper to one another, and the young
ladies in ball-dresses, who, as if by a magnetic cohesion, were all
together, sat for a long time in a row in deep, embarrassed silence,
like a hedge of blue, red, and white flowers, in which no bird dared
sing.

The dinner began by the host bidding his guests welcome. He next
proposed in succession the healths of the notabilities present in rather
long, prepared speeches, which were responded to by them.

After this everyone felt that they had passed over the official
threshold to enjoyment.

The host, with lightened heart, now entered upon the much shorter and
simpler toasts for the absent, among whom, first and foremost, was the
"good minister and his family." Several besides myself noticed that my
father left his glass untouched at this toast.

In the meantime the courses went round, and as the level of the wine in
the bottles sank, the gaiety rose. Many a quick, sharp brain that here
found its own ground now came to the fore, and the falling hail of jests
and witty and amusing sayings--the last generally in the form of stories
with a point that was sometimes, perhaps, rather coarse--gave a lively
impression of the peculiar Nordland humour.

It was only what, at that time, usually happened at parties, when the
company leave the table, that there were a few who could not rise from
their chairs, and others who, as a result of the attempt, were
afterwards missing. Among the latter I was unfortunately classed.

The impression of the moment has always had a great power over me, and,
unaccustomed as I was both to this kind of gaiety and to strong drink, I
had surrendered myself without a thought to the mirth that buzzed around
me. I think I never laughed so much in my whole life together as I did
at that dinner-table. Nearly opposite to me sat the red-haired merchant
Wadel, with his long, dryly comical face, firing off one witticism after
another, and at my side whispered the hump-backed clerk Gram, who was
famed for his cleverness, and feared for his biting tongue. His sharp
remarks upon the different people who sat at the table, grew in
ill-nature as he drank, and if his words had been heard, the expression
of many a beaming face would certainly have changed. I believe, also,
that he took a secret pleasure in trying to make me intoxicated; at any
rate he was unwearied in filling my glass, especially when the heating
wines began to go round. His quick, sharp snake's-eyes and a few
whispered words directed my now thoroughly beclouded attention to many a
comical scene around me.

At length it seemed to me that the room and the table were going up and
down, as if we were sitting in a large cabin in rough weather. I also
remember indistinctly that afterwards in the moving room we squeezed
past each other, round the table, between the wall and the chairs, in
two opposite streams, and thanked our hosts for the dinner. [It is a
Norwegian custom to shake hands with and thank the host and hostess,
after a meal, for the hospitality of which one has partaken. Children in
the same way always thank their parents.]

After all this I remember nothing, until I awoke, in total darkness, as
if out of a heavy confused dream, and felt that I was lying in a soft
eider-down bed. Little by little all that had passed dawned upon my
recollection, and I comprehended that I had been put to bed in one of
the guest-chambers in the neighbouring house.

While I lay pondering over this, and feeling intensely unhappy, the
elder Señor Martinez came in with a candle in his hand to look after me.
It then appeared that it was past two o'clock in the morning, and to the
circumstance that I had thus slept six or seven hours in succession I
probably owed the fact that I no longer felt any physical indisposition;
but morally I suffered all the more from a feeling of shame.

As far as I could understand, as I dressed myself, the house had been
turned into a perfect lazaretto for the same class of fallen after
dinner as myself, and among them I noticed, with a kind of revengeful
joy, Gram the clerk, my hump-backed mischievous neighbour.

Señor Martinez made known to me, by all kinds of spirited
gesticulations, that dancing was now going on briskly, and that I must
join the dancers.

The thought that Susanna must have come long ago, and must have been
waiting in vain, shot like lightning through my mind. How I could have
forgotten her, though even for an instant, was a riddle; but the fact
that I had done so weighed heavily upon me.

The dining-room was now transformed into a ball-room, and dancing had
already been going on merrily for several hours to the sound of violin,
clarionet, and violoncello. At an opportune moment, in the middle of a
dance, I slipped in unnoticed.

At first, as I stood in my tight white kid gloves, pale and embarrassed,
down by the open door through which the heat streamed out into the cold
passage like a mist, I suffered very much from the feeling that every
one would look at me and remember my unseemly behaviour.

Couple after couple glided past, so near that the ladies' dresses
touched me, and gradually I began, as far as my near sight would allow,
to find my bearings in the room.

The minister's wife sat on the sofa, farthest up among some elderly
ladies, in earnest conversation with the little bald doctor.

The minister was probably playing cards downstairs; but of Susanna I saw
nothing.

At the upper end of the room, young Martinez, with a beaming face, was
just dancing a polka with a strikingly beautiful girl dressed in white,
with a fluttering blue ribbon round her waist. She had thick beautiful
hair of a shade nearly golden, with a large silver pin like a dart run
through it, and a light wreath. The lady was taller and fuller in figure
than Susanna, but with a certain grace that reminded me of her. The
light, almost fashionably delicate way in which she placed her small
feet in dancing--it was as though she floated--also resembled Susanna,
and I therefore followed the pair with unconscious interest.

My short sight prevented me from distinguishing well, and as they passed
me, the lady's bent head was hidden by her own arm, which rested
confidingly on the shoulder of the evidently happy Martinez. What I saw
was only a broad, pure, innocent brow, which could belong to but one
person in the world, and that an escaped lock of hair played upon the
round white shoulder.

I felt my knees tremble. This tall, elegant, distinguished lady could
never be Susanna!

With a feeling of jealousy I watched the pair intently until the next
time they came by. When just opposite to me the lady raised her eyes,
her glance fell upon me, and a deep blush suddenly overspread her face
and neck right down to the lace edging on her dress.

It was Susanna!

During the scarcely more than two years that we had been separated her
beauty had developed wonderfully. The tender seventeen-year-old girl-bud
had developed into a splendid full-grown woman.

The pair sat down at the top of the room near the row of elderly ladies.

I saw next that these two were going through the last long-dance of the
ball, the cotillon, which is generally varied by an endless number of
figures, and the thought darted through my mind, that probably young
Martinez had been winning favour with Susanna the whole evening, since
he was now her partner in this particular dance. I noticed how the
minister's wife paid him marked attention, and I reflected bitterly that
he was both a rich man, and also, though shorter in stature, looked much
more grown-up and manly than I.

A knife seemed to go through my heart. I had been lying intoxicated,
like a beast, and allowed a stranger to take Susanna from me.

With wild jealousy I noticed how the handsome Martinez, dumb, but
speaking with his dark, fiery eyes, was trying, amid laughter and all
kinds of lively nods and gestures, to explain to Susanna a new figure
which was just going to begin, how he sometimes bent over her, as if
whispering confidentially, and how she, from her seat, looked up at him
and laughed merrily, as only Susanna could laugh. He took her hand and
made her try the step on the floor in front of their seats, and this
seemed to be even more amusing.

Young Martinez evidently engrossed her, and I feared she perhaps thought
our old relations were only childish fancies, which as a grown-up woman
she now wished forgotten. She might consider that after our agreement
about the two trial years, everything between us was to be at an end, so
that, as grown-up people we could talk and laugh over the whole affair
without misunderstanding each other.

My blood boiled, and I felt that I must revenge myself. Before I had
quite considered how, I began, with a sudden inspiration, to converse
eagerly with Merchant R.'s pretty daughter, who happened to be standing
close to me, so that it might appear as if I were paying court to her.

When presently Susanna passed us in the new figure, she looked in a
wondering, questioning way at me. The next time she passed, she
inadvertently dropped her handkerchief just at the place where I stood.
I picked it up, went up the room, and stiffly handed it to the
minister's wife, who--in consequence either of my behaviour at the
dinner-table, or of something else--received me with marked reserve and
coldness. I bowed as coldly to her, and then returned to my old place,
where I resumed the interrupted lively conversation with Miss R.

Shortly after, Susanna again came past, and this time looked at me with
a serious, but uncertain expression, as if she could not quite make up
her mind what to think; after that she purposely dropped her eyes every
time she passed me.

I discovered to my satisfaction that Martinez really danced clumsily.
While I talked with forced gaiety to my pretty companion, I was secretly
tempted, all unnoticed, to put out my foot, a little ill-naturedly, so
that he should trip over it. And I do not quite know how it happened,
but the next time Martinez passed, he fell full length on the floor, and
must have hurt himself considerably; in falling, however, he was gallant
enough to let go the support he might have had in his partner, so that
Susanna only half fell.

He rose, and looked angrily at me, the innocent cause of the mishap, who
was apparently too much engrossed in my neighbour to have even noticed
what was going on. The look he received in return for his, however,
revealed to him, though involuntarily, the whole truth; for he was in
the act of rushing at me, when he was unexpectedly stopped by Susanna, a
trifle pale, stepping in front of him, and, with the bearing of a woman
of the world, quietly stretching out her hand for him to conduct her
farther.

As Susanna went arm in arm up the room with the limping Martinez, she
suddenly turned her face to me with a look so beaming with joy, that
from deep despair I was suddenly raised to the happiest, most exulting
certainty.

She had evidently understood that Martinez's misfortune was an act of
revenge on my part, for her sake, and her mind was thereby relieved of
the doubt which my conduct for the last hour must have occasioned her;
for she had soon seen that I was not intoxicated, and coquetry was a
thing too far from her own sincere, truthful nature for her to be able
to imagine it in me. In perfect truthfulness, she was really only a
refined, feminine edition of her father's strong nature.

I went and made repeated apologies to young Martinez for my awkwardness,
while Susanna sat by and listened, and at length, good-natured as in
reality he was, he consented to be appeased. His face did grow rather
long when, immediately after, Susanna proposed that I should lead her
through the figure now going on, so that he could rest his injured leg
for the next.

Yes, I danced with her, a beautiful, full-grown woman in the white
ball-dress, whom a short while ago I had not recognised, because her own
splendidly developed beauty hid her.

We had taught one another to dance, and I think we both danced unusually
well. The light wreath with its delicate white flowers, set off the
beauty of her luxuriant hair; my arm was round her waist, and I felt how
yieldingly she leant upon me, happy and trusting as a child, as we
swayed in the dance. Her forehead was near my lips, and as our eyes
sought each other's during the dance, they said again and again, how
delightful it was to meet, when we had longed so for one another for two
whole years.

When I took her back to her place I received a pressure of the hand and
a look, which made me completely invulnerable to the less friendly
glances of her mother. It appeared that Susanna was then reprimanded for
her neglect of the young Señor Martinez, but the doctor, who sat beside
her, spoke in her defence.

I stood once more in my old place, and saw Susanna and Martinez go
through the next figure.

Her curling lip showed at first a trace of the old childish defiance
after reproof; but soon her expression became more tranquil and
thoughtful.

Taken up as I was with the sight of her; and possibly weak after the
many and varied emotions I had experienced, I suddenly felt the
oppressive, uneasy sense of terror and misfortune come over me, which
generally accompanies my visions. I attempted to leave the room, but the
vision was upon me before I could do so.

I saw Susanna's face while she danced with Martinez, as white as that of
a strikingly beautiful corpse, and the green wreath with the small white
flowers hung in her hair like wet sea-grass. It seemed as if water were
streaming down her.

The blood rushed to my heart; the room was now dark, amid sparks from
thousands of lights, going round before my eyes with the dancing pair.

I should certainly have fainted at the door, had not the doctor taken me
by the arm, and led me out into the cool passage, and from thence into a
little guest-chamber, where he made me drink some water and lie down on
the bed.

When he came back, half an hour after the attack, and saw that I had
recovered, he sat down by me on the bed, gentle and friendly, and began
in his sincere way to speak out, as he said.

As he thoughtfully unravelled with the snuffers the wick of the candle
which he had in his hand, having taken it from the dressing-table, in
order, I suppose, to observe me, he said he had noticed me this evening,
from the time I came into the room, and thought that my fancy inclined
to the beautiful Susanna L., but that I was jealous of young Martinez.
He had also heard a little bird sing about this before.

It was a feeling which many young people would only be the better for
and be developed by, but for me, with my mental disposition, this kind
of exciting idea was harmful in the highest degree; he had, he gently
added, unfortunately had experience of this in the case of my own poor
mother; for her discovery, in my childhood, that I had inherited her
mental disease, had only been the accidental cause of her loss of
reason.

As a physician and a friend he would now say this, while he thought
there was still time for me to prevent this fancy taking root. And he
would say it not only for my own sake, but also for Susanna's, for he
was very fond of her, and would very unwillingly see her led into what,
from a human point of view, could only end in sorrow.

One thing I must consider, he continued--after a long pause, during
which he seemed to be considering whether he should say all he had to
say, and finally decided upon doing so--and that was, that my
unfortunate hereditary disposition did not allow of my thinking of
marriage; it might, he went on with a gesture, as if performing a last,
decisive operation on the candle, even be regarded in the same light as
if a leper married without heeding that he thereby transmitted his
disease to his children. I must not, however--here he rose and laid his
hand consolingly on my shoulder--take these things too much to heart.
The most bitter remedies--and unfortunately the truth was such--are
generally the wholesomest, and for my sick, dreaming nature, he thought,
after earnest, mature consideration, that the unvarnished truth was the
only means of giving health and salvation.

After once more holding up the candle over me, he retired with, a
serious nod; be could easily see that for the moment I was not in a
condition to carry on any conversation, or give him any answer.

It was, in all friendliness, the death-blow to all my dreams and
illusions.

I felt stunned by the blow, although my inward understanding had not yet
taken it in clearly. My life's old foreboding of misfortune was now at
last confirmed. Susanna had therefore, for me, been but borrowed
sunshine now, and my hopes were to be extinguished for ever.

I lay perfectly calm, rather seeing this with my mind's eye than
thinking it, while the music sounded faintly from the ball-room, and
little by little I felt myself with a dull pain die away, as it were,
from everything that was dear to me in the world. My body seemed to
stiffen under the sorrow, and Susanna's face, without a gleam of life in
it, stood before me like something unnatural: my love was a dead
history.

As I still lay in a dull, motionless stupor, through which everything
without appeared to me in a half mist, the door opened, and a lady came
in. She began hastily to repair with pins before the mirror a rent in
her dress, but suddenly stopped, alarmed at seeing some one in the
half-darkness lying on the bed.

I recognised Susanna, and, as it seemed to me, something told her that
it must be I who lay there, for she approached as if to see, and
whispered my name.

She probably thought I was asleep, as no answer came, and that it was
neither right nor the time to wake me. She stood by me for a moment as
if considering, then bent over me till I felt her warm breath, gently
kissed my forehead, and went out.

       *       *       *       *       *

A Christmas visit in northern districts generally lasts a couple of
days, often more. But, as my father and the Martinezes had so much to do
and our house was not very far, we were to go home as early as the next
evening, while most of the others were to wait until the following day.

The minister's family, however, were to remain as guests, together with
the "notabilities," to the end of the week. In the meantime, as, early
the next day, the minister and his wife were going to call on a family
in the neighbourhood, Susanna had to stay at the magistrate's house.

I, like the other guests, had not risen until far on in the morning, but
in my brain during all the time Dr. K.'s words about my position being
like that of a leper had throbbed as a boil, growing harder and more
painful with my changing ideas on the subject, until all at once their
meaning stood clear with its whole sting before me.

I loved Susanna a thousand times more than myself, and should I
selfishly wish to unite her fate to a man who was insane, only because
that man was myself? And perhaps my mental condition would grow worse as
time went on.

I began to feel within me a pious courage for self-sacrifice, and with
it came calm, soothing peacefulness. When all was said and done, it was
really the best thing I could think of, to give my life for Susanna, and
this thought at last inspired me with an almost fanatical wish to do so.

My mind was made up; and my plan was the simple one of speaking out
decidedly and clearly to her; for I would not for all the world deceive
her in any way.

It was in the afternoon, in the twilight, while the others were out for
a walk, that I found an opportunity of talking to her alone.

That day Susanna had on a black silk dress which fitted her to
perfection, a lace collar and narrow sleeves with cuffs at the wrists.
Her hair was fastened with a silver arrow as at the ball, but it was her
only ornament.

She sat thoughtfully listening to me in front of the newly-lighted stove
where we had placed ourselves. Every time she bent forward into the
light from the stove door, it fell upon her expressive face, while I, in
my endeavour to be true, told her, possibly with exaggerated colouring,
all about my mental condition, and what Dr. K. had said.

As I talked I saw her face growing paler and more and more serious,
until at last, leaning her elbows on her knees, she covered her eyes
with her hands so that I could only see that her lips were trembling and
that she was crying.

When I came to what the doctor had said about my condition resembling
that of a leper, and that thus God Himself had placed an obstacle in the
way of our union, while I tried consolingly to represent to her that for
the whole of our life, with the exception of the last two years, we had
really loved one another in a different way, like brother and
sister--she suddenly raised her head in wild defiance, so that I could
look straight into her tear-stained face, threw her arms around my neck
and forced me down on my knees in front of her. She pressed my head
close up to her throbbing heart as if she would defend me against all
who wanted to injure me. Then with her hand she stroked the hair back
from my forehead--I felt her tears falling on my face--and she repeated
caressingly again and again as if in delirium, that no one in the world
should take me from her.

This was too much for my weary, suffering heart; I seized both her hands
in mine and cried over them, with my head in her lap. My weeping grew
more violent, until at last it rose to a desperate, convulsive sobbing,
which I could no longer control, and which thoroughly alarmed Susanna;
for she hushed me, called me by my name, and kissed me like a child, to
quiet me. I felt such a deep need of having my cry out, that it could
not now be stopped.

When at last I became quieter she once more clasped her hands about my
neck, as if to compel my attention, bent forward, and looked long into
my eyes with an expression both persuasively eloquent and strong-willed
in her beautiful, agitated face. I must believe, she at last assured me
with the quick movement of her head, with which she always emphasised
her words, that concerning ourselves she knew a thousand times better
than any doctor what God would have, and in this we ought to obey God
and not a doctor's human wisdom. And I was in many things so intensely
simple-minded, that I could be made to believe anything.

People like the doctor, she said, had no idea what love was. Had I been
strong and well, it would certainly have been God's will that she should
have shared the good with me, and so it must just as much be His will
that the same love should share my sorrow and sickness; but it was in
this that Dr. K.--he evidently became more and more an object of hatred
to her the longer she discussed him--thought differently from God.
Besides, she believed so surely--and her voice here became wonderfully
gentle and soft, almost a whisper--that just this, as we two were so
fond of one another, would be a better cure for me than anything a
doctor could invent. At any rate, she felt within herself that she would
fall ill and give way to despair if I no longer cared for her, for had
we not cared for each other as long as we could remember, and it was
certainly too late to think of separating us.

One thing must now be settled--and at the thought her face assumed an
expression of determined will, which reminded me of her father--and that
was that, as soon as possible, she would confide everything about our
engagement to her father. It ought, both for my sake and hers, to be no
longer a secret. Her father was very fond of her, and, if need be, she
would tell him seriously that it would be of no use either for him, or
for anyone else--by this she meant her mother--to try any longer to get
a doctor to separate us by guile.

Anything like a brotherly and sisterly love between us, as she, with
scornful contempt in her look, expressed it, she would not hear of,
least of all now, and as if entirely to dispel this idea, she stood
upright before me, and asked me, as she looked with passionate eagerness
into my face, to say that we still were, and in spite of everything and
everybody always should remain, faithfully betrothed, even if I never
became so well that we could marry here on earth--and to give her my
kiss upon it.

I took her in my arms, and kissed her warmly and passionately once,
twice, three times, until she freed herself.

While she was speaking it had dawned upon me that she, with her strong,
healthy, loving nature, had fought the fight for us both and for a right
that could not, perhaps, be proved in words, but the sanctity of which,
I felt, was beyond all artificial proof.

Susanna now again belonged to me in another, truer, and more real way
than I had ever dreamt of or suspected, as I comprehended that
everything that could be called chivalrous sacrifice on my side only lay
lower than our love, was even simply an unworthy offence to it. In true
love the cross is borne by both the lovers, and the one who
"chivalrously" wishes to bear it alone, only cheats the other of part of
his best possession.

       *       *       *       *       *

An hour after this interview with Susanna, which ended in renewed vows
and promises, I was sitting in the stern of our ten-oared boat, together
with my father and the two Martinezes, in the dark winter evening, while
the moon was sailing behind a countless number of little grey clouds.

Father sat in silence and steered, while the men rowed against a rather
stiff breeze which blew up the Sound, so that we might get the wind in
our sails the rest of the way.

I quietly thought over everything that had passed during this short
visit, and felt infinitely happy.

We reached home late at night. I tried to keep awake and to think about
Susanna and all she had said to me, but I slept like a log, and awoke
with a feeling of such health, happiness, and joy, as only those know to
whose lot it has fallen to sleep the sleep of the really happy. And thus
it was every night. I fell asleep before my prayers were ended, sang in
the morning, and felt light-hearted almost to reckless gaiety, happy and
ready for work the whole day long.

This proved how truly Susanna had said that our love would become to me
a spring of health, better than any doctor's human wisdom could devise.




CHAPTER X

_THE STORM_


It was late in the afternoon of the Saturday after Twelfth Night that
the terrible two days' storm began, which is still spoken of by many as
one of the most violent that has visited Lofoten within the memory of
man.

It was fortunate that the fishing had not yet begun--the storm raged
with grey sky, sleet, and tremendous seas from the south-west right up
the West Fjord--or perhaps as large a number of wrecks might have been
heard of as in the famous storm of 1849, when in one day several hundred
boats were lost. This time only a few boats were wrecked on their way to
the fishing, and several yachts and a couple of larger vessels were
stranded.

The storm increased during the night; we could feel how the house
yielded at each burst, groaning at every joist, and we all sat up and
watched with lights, as if by silent agreement.

All window-shutters, doors, and openings were carefully closed. The
tiles rattled noisily at each gust, so that we were afraid the roof
would be broken in, and the wind in the chimney made a deep, weird,
growling noise, which in the fiercest attacks on the house sounded like
a loud, horrible monster voice out in the night, sometimes almost like a
wild cry of distress.

We sat in the sitting-room in a silence that was only now and then
broken by some remark about the weather, or when one or other of the men
came in from making the round of the house to see how things were going
on.

My father sat in restless anxiety about the store-house, and about his
yacht lying down in the bay, which, because of the heavy seas which came
in, in spite of the harbour's good position, had been trebly moored in
the afternoon. I saw him several times fold his hands as if in prayer,
and then, as if cheered, walk up and down the room for a while, until
anxiety again overcame him, and he sat down looking straight before him,
gloomy and pale as before.

The storm rather increased than abated. Once we heard a dull thud, which
might well have come from the storehouse. I saw drops of perspiration
standing on my father's forehead, and was deeply pained to see his
anguish of mind, without being able to do anything to help him.

A little while after he went out into the office with a candle and came
back with an old large-type prayer-book, in which he turned to a prayer
and a hymn to be sung during a storm at sea.

All the servants without being called, gathered in the parlour for
family worship.

My father sat with the prayer-book in his great rough hands, which he
had folded on the table before him, between the two candles. First he
read the prayer, and then sang all the verses of the hymn, while those
of us who knew the tune joined by degrees in the refrain. It was
altogether as if we were holding prayers in a ship's cabin while the
vessel was in danger, and my father must have had the idea from some
such scene in his hard youth. During prayers we all thought the storm
abated a little, and that it only began again after they were ended.

We found the elder Martinez on his knees by his bedside, perpetually
crossing himself before a crucifix. He had less reason for anxiety than
we, for his brig lay with extra moorings under land in a little creek
sheltered from the wind and waves. He very much regretted now, however,
that he had not gone on board to his son and the men.

Towards morning the storm abated a little, and, tired as we were, we
went to bed, while two of the servants still sat up.

It was about ten o'clock in the morning, when it began to grow light,
that we could first see the destruction done. Several hundred tiles
from the house roof lay spread over the yard, part of the outer
pannelling of the wall on the windward side was torn away, and the end
of the pier lay on one side down in the sea, a couple of piles having
been displaced by the waves. The storehouse, too, had suffered some
damage.

Our yacht, however, was most evidently in danger. Two of her ropes had
given way, the anchors having lost their hold, and everything now
depended upon the third and longest rope, which was fastened to the
mooring ring on the rock at the mouth of the bay. There was only the
ship's dog on board, a large white poodle, which stood with its
fore-paws on the stern bulwarks and barked, without our being able to
hear a sound in the wind, while the waves washed over the yacht's bows.

The situation was desperate, for the long rope was stretched as tight as
a violin string, and the middle of it scarcely touched the water. It was
blowing so hard, too, that a man could hardly stand upright, but was
obliged to creep along the clean-swept snow-field, so that there could
be no thought of helping.

I had crept up the hill at the back of the house, and stood in the
shelter of a rocky knoll, from which I could see both out over the sea
and down into the bay.

West Fjord on this wintry day lay as if covered with a silvery grey
smoke from the spray that was driving across the sea. Beneath the cliffs
the waves came in like great, green, foam-topped mountains, breaking on
the shore with a noise like thunder, and then retreating an immense
distance, leaving a long stretch of dry beach.

At one place, where a rock went perpendicularly down to the sea, a
great, broad jet of spray was sent straight up every time a wave broke,
and was driven in over the land by the wind like smoke. At another place
the waves stormed in a Titanic way a sloping rock, which lay, now in
foam, now high and dry, and I saw a poor exhausted gull, which had
probably got out from its mountain cliff into the wind, fighting and
battling in it, often with its wings almost twisted.

In anxious suspense I watched the yacht down in the bay. To my
astonishment, I saw a man on board, and recognised the stalwart Jens,
who had ventured out with one of the men, from the windward side, in a
six-oared boat. After a short stay on board he stepped down alone into
the boat with a rope round his waist, and began the dangerous work of
hauling the boat against the waves, along the tight land-rope, out
towards the rock.

I expected every instant that the boat would fill, and it seemed to me
that the waves washed in several times. As the boat slowly worked its
way along, father and all the servants followed it anxiously with their
eyes, from the beach.

When Jens had got up on to the rock, over which the waves washed one
after another, so that he often stood in water up to his knees, he
secured the boat, and began to haul in the line, drawing after it
through the water a thick cable, which the man on board was paying out
gradually. He had just begun to fasten it to the mooring ring, and had
only the last two knots in the rope to make, when we all became aware of
three tremendous waves that would infallibly break over the rock.

Jens's life was evidently in danger, and the yacht too, which, with her
one overstrained rope, would scarcely be able to bear the pressure.

I saw French Martina, his _fiancée_, clasp her hands above her head and
run out into the surf, almost as if she thought of throwing herself into
the water to go to him, and I think that not one of the others looking
on dared to draw breath.

It appeared that Jens had noticed the danger himself; he hastened down
to the boat, in which he could still shelter himself, but it was only to
take up from it the line, which he calmly wound several times round his
body and through the mooring ring, as he could no longer rely upon his
own giant strength.

He had scarcely completed these preparations, when the first wave, which
he faced with bent head, broke right over him and the rock. The interval
before the second came he employed in making another knot in the
land-rope.

Again came a wave, and again Jens stood firm, and he now made the final
knot in the rope that saved the yacht.

He had now made trial of what the force of a wave could be. He threw the
line from his back up round his great broad shoulders, turned his strong
pale face towards our house for a moment, as if it were quite possible
that he was now bidding it farewell, and bent his head towards the third
and last wave, which was advancing with a foaming crest, as usual,
larger than its two predecessors.

When the wave had broken in foam, and gone by, no Jens stood on the
rock.

I ran down in horror to the others. When I got there, they had
recovered, besides the boat, which had been torn from the rock, the
apparently lifeless body of Jens, and were now carrying it to the house.

The wave had dragged him along, the line that he had round his shoulders
having slipped up to his neck, and taken clothes and skin with it. He
now lay unconscious from the pressure of the water, and with one arm,
torn and bleeding from the line, in a twisted position: it was laid
bare, at one place even to the bone.

Father walked with a pale face and supported him while they carried him
up and put him to bed.

When he recovered consciousness, he began spitting blood, and had a
difficulty in speaking; but father, who examined his chest, said
joyfully that there was no danger.

By this exploit of saving the yacht Jens became famed as a hero far and
wide; from that day forward, he was one of my father's trusted men, and
in the following summer he and French Martina were married.




CHAPTER XI

_CONCLUSION_


I can now calmly write down the little, for me so much, that remains to
be told--for many years it would have been impossible.

The storm lasted from Saturday midday until Sunday night, when towards
morning the wind gradually subsided into complete stillness, although
the sea continued restless.

The same day, Monday, at midday, there landed at the parsonage
landing-place, not the minister's white house-boat, that was expected
home, but an ordinary tarred, ten-oared boat, with a number of people in
it.

From it four of the men slowly bore a burden between them up to the
house, while a big man and a little woman went, bowed down, hand in
hand, after them. It was the minister and his wife.

I understood at once what had happened, and my heart cried with despair.

The dreadful message, which came to us directly after, told me nothing
new--it only confirmed my belief that it was the minister's daughter
Susanna they had borne up.

The parsonage boat had been only a little more than three-quarters of a
mile away from home that Saturday morning when the storm came on so
suddenly. A "windfall" had come down with terrible force from the
mountains into the Sound, and had capsized the boat, which was not far
from land.

The minister had quickly helped his wife up on to the boat, and the men
held on round the edge, while they drifted before the wind the short
distance in to the shore. But he searched in vain for his child, to find
her and save her.

With the sea seething round the boat, the strong man three times in his
despair let go his hold in order to swim to the place where he imagined
he saw her in the water. He was going to try again, but his wife, in
great distress, begged his men to hinder him, and they did so.

They said afterwards that they saw drops of perspiration running down
the minister's forehead, as he lay there on the boat in the wintry-cold
sea, and that they believed he even thought of purposely letting go his
hold that he might follow his daughter.

Too late they found out that Susanna was under the boat. She had become
entangled in a rope, so that she could not rise to the surface.

Her death had at any rate been quick and painless.

The whole of Saturday and Sunday, while the storm lasted, they were
compelled to lie weatherbound at a peasant's house in the neighbourhood,
where the minister's wife had kept her bed from exhaustion and grief.

The minister had sat nearly the whole time in the large parlour where
they had laid Susanna, and talked with his God; and on Monday morning,
when they were to go home, he was resigned and cairn, arranged
everything, and comforted his poor, weeping wife.

       *       *       *       *       *

I had lain in dumb, despairing sorrow the whole afternoon and throughout
the long night, and determined to go the next day and see Susanna for
the last time.

Early in the forenoon, the minister unexpectedly entered our parlour,
and asked to speak to my father. He looked pale and solemn as he sat on
the sofa, with his stick in front of him, and waited.

When my father came in at the door, the minister rose and took his hand,
while the tears stood in his eyes.

After a pause, as if to recover himself, he said that my father saw
before him an unhappy but humble man, whom God had to chasten severely
before his will would bend to Him. He wanted now, because of his
unhappiness, to ask my father not to deny him his old friendship any
longer.

Of the matter that had caused the estrangement he would not now speak;
he had acted to the best of his judgment. There was, however, something
else which now lay on his heart, and here he put his hand on my shoulder
and drew me affectionately to him, as he once more sat down on the sofa.

His daughter Susanna, he continued, sighing at the name, a few days
before God took her to Himself, had admitted him into her confidence,
and told him that she had loved me from the time she was a child, and
that we two had already given each other our promise, with the intention
of telling our parents when I became a student.

At first he had been strongly opposed to the engagement for many
reasons, first and foremost my health and our youth. But Susanna had
shown such intense earnestness in the matter and expressed such
determined will, that, knowing her nature, it became clear to him that
this affection had been growing for many years and could not now be
rooted up. And it was now the greatest comfort he had in the midst of
his sorrow, that the same morning on which they were to start on their
ill-fated journey home, he had given in, and had also promised to use
his influence in getting my father to give his consent.

Instead of this he now stood without a daughter, and only as one
bringing tidings that the disaster had fallen on my father's house too,
and struck his only child. He wished, he hoped with my father's
permission, henceforth to regard me as his son.

My father sat a long time, surprised and pale; he seemed to have great
difficulty in taking in what was said.

At last he rose and in silence gave his hand to the minister. Then he
laid it on my shoulder so that I felt its pressure, looked into my eyes
and said, in a low, wonderfully gentle voice:

"The Lord be with you, my son! Sorrow has visited you young; only, do
not be weak in bearing it!"

He was going out to leave us alone together, but bethought himself in
the doorway, and said that I had better go with the minister and take a
last farewell of Susanna.

A little later the minister and I were walking side by side along the
road. Our relations had now become confidential, and to comfort me he
told me all that Susanna had said to induce him to consent. She knew,
thank God, he concluded with a sigh of relief, that she had in her
father a friend in whom she could confide in the hour of need.

The minister led me into the room with its drawn blinds; he stood for a
moment by the bier, then the tears fell like rain down his broad, strong
face, and he turned and went out.

She lay there in her maidenly white dress. They had twined a wreath of
green leaves with white flowers about her head, and for a moment I saw
again the vision I had at the ball. The delicate hands now lay meekly
folded upon her breast, and on the engagement finger I recognised with
tears my own old bronze ring with the purple glass stones in it, that
she had worn from the moment she had obtained her father's consent. The
expression of the mouth, so energetic in life, was transformed in death
into a quiet, happy smile, in which her beautiful delicate face, with
its broad pure marble brow shone with a heavenly radiance; she lay in
such innocent security, as if she now knew the secret of true love's
victory over everything here on earth, and was only gone in advance,
with white wings on her shoulders, to teach it to me, since God had not
allowed her to share the burden of my cross here below.

When I noticed that they wanted me to go, I silently repeated "Our
Father" over her as a last farewell, pressed one gentle kiss upon her
brow, then one upon her mouth, and one upon her folded hands where the
bronze ring was, and went out without looking back.

Two days after, I followed Susanna's remains to the grave.

       *       *       *       *       *

One sunshiny day in winter, when I as usual visited the place where she
rested in the churchyard, the snow had drifted over her grave. It lay
pure and dazzlingly white, with the fine upper edge like translucent
marble in the sunlight.

I took this to mean that Susanna would have me think of her in her
shining bridal dress before God, in order to give me courage to go my
lonely way through life, and not to fear that the hardest of all
trials--even insanity, if it came and enthralled me in its
confusion--could separate us.

       *       *       *       *       *

Late in the summer, when I was to go south by the steamer, together with
the minister and his wife, who had both, in a short time, aged
perceptibly, and who were now moving to a southern parish, I went for
the last time to take leave of my sorrowful friend, the clerk.

He played the beautiful, joyful, beloved piece again for me, which he
had composed when he was twenty, and which I had thought suited Susanna
and me so well, and now he played the continuation too--it was
wonderfully touching and sad, but with comfort in it, like a psalm.

       *       *       *       *       *

Thus ends a poor, delicate Nordlander's simple story; for to tell how,
with my father's help, I became a student with "_laud_" [There are four
grades in the Academic Degrees Examination--viz., _laudabilis præ
ceteris, laudabilis, haud illaudabilis_, and _non-contemnendus_.]--he
died the same year that I passed my _Examen artium_, a respected but
ruined man--and how I afterwards became something of a literary man, a
private tutor and a master in a school, is only to relate the outward
circumstances of a monotonous life, whose thoughts all dwell in the
past.

My love for Susanna has, as she said to me with such confidence, been
the fountain of health that saved me from the worst madness. When
restlessness came over me, and I roamed about aimlessly in field and
forest, it always came to a crisis, when I saw her, in her white dress,
floating by a little way off, or sometimes even coming gently towards
me; then the danger was over for the time.

During the last two years, when I have been getting worse, I have not
been fortunate enough to see her, and have had a dreary time, often as
if the darkness were closing helplessly round me.

But not long ago, as I lay ill in my garret, Susanna came one night,
when the full moon was shining, up to the bed, in her white bridal
dress, with a wreath upon her beautiful hair, and beckoned to me with
the hand that bore the ring. I know she came to bring me the glad
tidings that I shall soon go hence and see again the love of my youth.

       *       *       *       *       *










*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE VISIONARY: PICTURES FROM NORDLAND ***


    

Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will
be renamed.

Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright
law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works,
so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United
States without permission and without paying copyright
royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part
of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project
Gutenberg™ electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG™
concept and trademark. Project Gutenberg is a registered trademark,
and may not be used if you charge for an eBook, except by following
the terms of the trademark license, including paying royalties for use
of the Project Gutenberg trademark. If you do not charge anything for
copies of this eBook, complying with the trademark license is very
easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose such as creation
of derivative works, reports, performances and research. Project
Gutenberg eBooks may be modified and printed and given away—you may
do practically ANYTHING in the United States with eBooks not protected
by U.S. copyright law. Redistribution is subject to the trademark
license, especially commercial redistribution.


START: FULL LICENSE

THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE

PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK

To protect the Project Gutenberg™ mission of promoting the free
distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work
(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase “Project
Gutenberg”), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full
Project Gutenberg™ License available with this file or online at
www.gutenberg.org/license.

Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg™
electronic works

1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg™
electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to
and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property
(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all
the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or
destroy all copies of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works in your
possession. If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a
Project Gutenberg™ electronic work and you do not agree to be bound
by the terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person
or entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8.

1.B. “Project Gutenberg” is a registered trademark. It may only be
used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who
agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few
things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg™ electronic works
even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See
paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project
Gutenberg™ electronic works if you follow the terms of this
agreement and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg™
electronic works. See paragraph 1.E below.

1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation (“the
Foundation” or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection
of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works. Nearly all the individual
works in the collection are in the public domain in the United
States. If an individual work is unprotected by copyright law in the
United States and you are located in the United States, we do not
claim a right to prevent you from copying, distributing, performing,
displaying or creating derivative works based on the work as long as
all references to Project Gutenberg are removed. Of course, we hope
that you will support the Project Gutenberg™ mission of promoting
free access to electronic works by freely sharing Project Gutenberg™
works in compliance with the terms of this agreement for keeping the
Project Gutenberg™ name associated with the work. You can easily
comply with the terms of this agreement by keeping this work in the
same format with its attached full Project Gutenberg™ License when
you share it without charge with others.

1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern
what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are
in a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States,
check the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this
agreement before downloading, copying, displaying, performing,
distributing or creating derivative works based on this work or any
other Project Gutenberg™ work. The Foundation makes no
representations concerning the copyright status of any work in any
country other than the United States.

1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:

1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other
immediate access to, the full Project Gutenberg™ License must appear
prominently whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg™ work (any work
on which the phrase “Project Gutenberg” appears, or with which the
phrase “Project Gutenberg” is associated) is accessed, displayed,
performed, viewed, copied or distributed:

    This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
    other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
    whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms
    of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online
    at www.gutenberg.org. If you
    are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws
    of the country where you are located before using this eBook.
  
1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is
derived from texts not protected by U.S. copyright law (does not
contain a notice indicating that it is posted with permission of the
copyright holder), the work can be copied and distributed to anyone in
the United States without paying any fees or charges. If you are
redistributing or providing access to a work with the phrase “Project
Gutenberg” associated with or appearing on the work, you must comply
either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 or
obtain permission for the use of the work and the Project Gutenberg™
trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is posted
with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution
must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any
additional terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms
will be linked to the Project Gutenberg™ License for all works
posted with the permission of the copyright holder found at the
beginning of this work.

1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg™
License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this
work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg™.

1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this
electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without
prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with
active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project
Gutenberg™ License.

1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary,
compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including
any word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access
to or distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg™ work in a format
other than “Plain Vanilla ASCII” or other format used in the official
version posted on the official Project Gutenberg™ website
(www.gutenberg.org), you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense
to the user, provide a copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means
of obtaining a copy upon request, of the work in its original “Plain
Vanilla ASCII” or other form. Any alternate format must include the
full Project Gutenberg™ License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.

1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying,
performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg™ works
unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing
access to or distributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works
provided that:

    • You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from
        the use of Project Gutenberg™ works calculated using the method
        you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is owed
        to the owner of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark, but he has
        agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the Project
        Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments must be paid
        within 60 days following each date on which you prepare (or are
        legally required to prepare) your periodic tax returns. Royalty
        payments should be clearly marked as such and sent to the Project
        Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the address specified in
        Section 4, “Information about donations to the Project Gutenberg
        Literary Archive Foundation.”
    
    • You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies
        you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he
        does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg™
        License. You must require such a user to return or destroy all
        copies of the works possessed in a physical medium and discontinue
        all use of and all access to other copies of Project Gutenberg™
        works.
    
    • You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of
        any money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the
        electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days of
        receipt of the work.
    
    • You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free
        distribution of Project Gutenberg™ works.
    

1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project
Gutenberg™ electronic work or group of works on different terms than
are set forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing
from the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the manager of
the Project Gutenberg™ trademark. Contact the Foundation as set
forth in Section 3 below.

1.F.

1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable
effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread
works not protected by U.S. copyright law in creating the Project
Gutenberg™ collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg™
electronic works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may
contain “Defects,” such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate
or corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other
intellectual property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or
other medium, a computer virus, or computer codes that damage or
cannot be read by your equipment.

1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the “Right
of Replacement or Refund” described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project
Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project
Gutenberg™ trademark, and any other party distributing a Project
Gutenberg™ electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all
liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal
fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT
LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE
PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE
TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE
LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR
INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGE.

1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a
defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can
receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a
written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you
received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium
with your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you
with the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in
lieu of a refund. If you received the work electronically, the person
or entity providing it to you may choose to give you a second
opportunity to receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If
the second copy is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing
without further opportunities to fix the problem.

1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth
in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you ‘AS-IS’, WITH NO
OTHER WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT
LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.

1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied
warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of
damages. If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement
violates the law of the state applicable to this agreement, the
agreement shall be interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or
limitation permitted by the applicable state law. The invalidity or
unenforceability of any provision of this agreement shall not void the
remaining provisions.

1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the
trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone
providing copies of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works in
accordance with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the
production, promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg™
electronic works, harmless from all liability, costs and expenses,
including legal fees, that arise directly or indirectly from any of
the following which you do or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this
or any Project Gutenberg™ work, (b) alteration, modification, or
additions or deletions to any Project Gutenberg™ work, and (c) any
Defect you cause.

Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg™

Project Gutenberg™ is synonymous with the free distribution of
electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of
computers including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It
exists because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations
from people in all walks of life.

Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the
assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg™’s
goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg™ collection will
remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project
Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure
and permanent future for Project Gutenberg™ and future
generations. To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary
Archive Foundation and how your efforts and donations can help, see
Sections 3 and 4 and the Foundation information page at www.gutenberg.org.

Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation

The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non-profit
501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the
state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal
Revenue Service. The Foundation’s EIN or federal tax identification
number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg Literary
Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent permitted by
U.S. federal laws and your state’s laws.

The Foundation’s business office is located at 809 North 1500 West,
Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887. Email contact links and up
to date contact information can be found at the Foundation’s website
and official page at www.gutenberg.org/contact

Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg
Literary Archive Foundation

Project Gutenberg™ depends upon and cannot survive without widespread
public support and donations to carry out its mission of
increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be
freely distributed in machine-readable form accessible by the widest
array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations
($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt
status with the IRS.

The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating
charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United
States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a
considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up
with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations
where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To SEND
DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any particular state
visit www.gutenberg.org/donate.

While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we
have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition
against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who
approach us with offers to donate.

International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make
any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from
outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff.

Please check the Project Gutenberg web pages for current donation
methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other
ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. To
donate, please visit: www.gutenberg.org/donate.

Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg™ electronic works

Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project
Gutenberg™ concept of a library of electronic works that could be
freely shared with anyone. For forty years, he produced and
distributed Project Gutenberg™ eBooks with only a loose network of
volunteer support.

Project Gutenberg™ eBooks are often created from several printed
editions, all of which are confirmed as not protected by copyright in
the U.S. unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not
necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper
edition.

Most people start at our website which has the main PG search
facility: www.gutenberg.org.

This website includes information about Project Gutenberg™,
including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary
Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to
subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.