Project Gutenberg 2007-09-14 Public domain in the USA. 287 Smith, David Eugene 1860 1944 Dunham, David Smith, Eugene Karpinski, Louis Charles 1878 1956 Karpinski, L. C. (Louis Charles) 11020635 The Hindu-Arabic Numerals Reading ease score: 64.2 (8th & 9th grade). Neither easy nor difficult to read. Produced by David Newman, Chuck Greif, Keith Edkins and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images from the Cornell University Library: Historical Mathematics Monographs collection.) "The Hindu-Arabic Numerals" by David Eugene Smith and Louis Charles Karpinski is a historical account written in the early 20th century. This work delves into the origins and evolution of the numeral system commonly used today, which is often misnamed "Arabic" despite its true roots in Hindu mathematics. The authors aim to compile and clarify the fragmented history of these numerals, exploring their development, usage, and eventual widespread acceptance in commerce and science. The opening of the book establishes the premise that the Hindu-Arabic numeral system is relatively recent in its widespread adoption, only becoming prominent in Europe and the Americas over the past few centuries. It discusses misconceptions about the origins of these numerals, tracing their evolution from earlier notational systems used by ancient civilizations. The authors highlight the contributions of various scholars, particularly in assessing the claims of both Hindu and Arabic origins for these numerals and setting the stage for a deeper exploration into their journey from India to Europe, emphasizing the complexity involved in this mathematical history. (This is an automatically generated summary.) en Numerals QA Text Mathematics Browsing: Mathematics Browsing: Science - General 574675 575202 2024-10-10T04:13:50.004915 2023-09-10T07:46:34.787692 text/html text/html 529365 2021-01-02T23:04:15 text/html; charset=iso-8859-1 513374 2021-01-02T23:04:16 text/html; charset=iso-8859-1 application/zip 801247 2024-10-10T04:14:21.837280 application/epub+zip 730722 2024-10-10T04:13:57.537435 application/epub+zip 248233 2024-10-10T04:13:53.481448 application/epub+zip 3490356 2024-10-10T04:14:37.517178 application/x-mobipocket-ebook 3370518 2024-10-10T04:14:12.821312 application/x-mobipocket-ebook 460241 2022-09-10T14:04:05.354034 application/x-mobipocket-ebook 351478 351219 2024-10-10T04:13:46.848210 2023-09-10T07:46:32.215715 text/plain; charset=us-ascii text/plain 350900 2021-01-02T23:04:15 text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 137564 2021-01-02T23:04:16 text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 application/zip 351109 2021-01-02T23:04:15 text/plain; charset=us-ascii 137090 2021-01-02T23:04:16 text/plain; charset=us-ascii application/zip 22347 2024-10-10T04:14:37.921169 application/rdf+xml 16135 2024-10-10T04:13:54.231430 image/jpeg 4556 2024-10-10T04:13:53.876427 image/jpeg 592945 2024-10-10T04:13:50.365946 application/octet-stream application/zip Archives containing the RDF files for *all* our books can be downloaded at https://www.gutenberg.org/wiki/Gutenberg:Feeds#The_Complete_Project_Gutenberg_Catalog en.wikipedia en.wikipedia