The Project Gutenberg eBook of 舊唐書 This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this ebook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook. Title: 舊唐書 Author: Xu Liu Release date: January 10, 2008 [eBook #24229] Language: Chinese Credits: Produced by Ricky Lin *** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 舊唐書 *** Produced by Ricky Lin 舊唐書捲一 本紀第一 高祖 　　高祖神堯大聖大光孝皇帝姓李氏，諱淵。其先隴西狄道人，涼武昭王暠七代孫也。 暠生歆。歆生重耳，仕魏為弘農太守。重耳生熙，為金門鎮將，領豪傑鎮武川，因家焉 。儀鳳中，追尊宣皇帝。熙生天錫，仕魏為幢主。大統中，贈司空。儀鳳中，追尊光皇 帝。皇祖諱虎，後魏左僕射，封隴西郡公，與周文帝及太保李弼、大司馬獨孤信等以功 參佐命，當時稱為「八柱國家」，仍賜姓大野氏。周受禪，追封唐國公，諡曰襄。至隋 文帝作相，還複本姓。武德初，追尊景皇帝，廟號太祖，陵曰永康。皇考諱?，周安州 總管、柱國大將軍，襲唐國公，諡曰仁。武德初，追尊元皇帝，廟號世祖，陵曰興寧。 　　高祖以周天和元年生於長安，七歲襲唐國公。及長，倜儻豁達，任性真率，寬仁容 眾，無貴賤鹹得其歡心。隋受禪，補千牛備身。文帝獨孤皇后，即高祖從母也，由是特 見親愛，累轉譙、隴、岐三州刺史。有史世良者，善相人，謂高祖曰：「公骨法非常， 必為人主，願自愛，勿忘鄙言。」高祖頗以自負。大業初，為滎陽、樓煩二郡太守，徵 為殿內少監。九年，遷衛尉少卿。遼東之役，督運於懷遠鎮。及楊玄感反，詔高祖馳驛 鎮弘化郡，兼知關右諸軍事。高祖曆試中外，素樹恩德，及是結納豪傑，眾多款附。時 煬帝多所猜忌，人懷疑懼。會有詔徵高祖詣行在所，遇疾未謁。時甥王氏在後宮，帝問 曰：「汝舅何遲？」王氏以疾對，帝曰：「可得死否？」高祖聞之益懼，因縱酒沉湎， 納賄以混其跡焉。十一年，煬帝幸汾陽宮，命高祖往山西、河東黜陟討捕。師次龍門， 賊帥母端兒帥眾數千薄於城下。高祖從十餘騎擊之，所射七十發，皆應弦而倒，賊乃大 潰。十二年，遷右驍衛將軍。 　　十三年，為太原留守，郡丞王威、武牙郎將高君雅為副。群賊蜂起，江都阻絕，太 宗與晉陽令劉文靜首謀，勸舉義兵。俄而馬邑校尉劉武周據汾陽宮舉兵反，太宗與王威 、高君雅將集兵討之。高祖乃命太宗與劉文靜及門下客長孫順德、劉弘基各募兵，旬日 間眾且一萬，密遣使召世子建成及元吉於河東。威、君雅見兵大集，恐高祖為變，相與 疑懼，請高祖祈雨於晉祠，將為不利。晉陽鄉長劉世龍知之，以告高祖，高祖陰為之備 。 　　五月甲子，高祖與威、君雅視事，太宗密嚴兵於外，以備非常。遣開陽府司馬劉政 會告威等謀反，即斬之以徇，遂起義兵。甲戌，遣劉文靜使於突厥始畢可汗，令率兵相 應。六月甲申，命太宗將兵徇西河，下之。癸巳，建大將軍府，並置三軍，分為左右： 以世子建成為隴西公、左領大都督，左統軍隸焉；太宗為輕健蚺翩B右領大都督，右統 軍隸焉。裴寂為大將軍府長史，劉文靜為司馬，石艾縣長殷開山為掾，劉政會為屬，長 孫順德、劉弘基、竇琮等分為左右統軍。開倉庫以賑窮乏，遠近回應。秋七月壬子，高 祖率兵西圖關中，以元吉為鎮北將軍、太原留守。癸醜，發自太原，有兵三萬。丙辰， 師次靈石縣，營於賈胡堡。隋武牙郎將宋老生屯霍邑以拒義師。會霖雨積旬，饋運不給 ，高祖命旋師，太宗切諫乃止。有白衣老父詣軍門曰：「餘為霍山神使謁唐皇帝曰：'八 月雨止，路出霍邑東南，吾當濟師。'高祖曰：「此神不欺趙無恤，豈負我哉！」八月辛 巳，高祖引師趨霍邑，斬宋老生，平霍邑。丙戌，進下臨汾郡及絳郡。癸巳，至龍門，突 厥始畢可汗遣康稍利率兵五百人、馬二千匹，與劉文靜會於麾下。隋驍衛大將軍屈突通鎮 河東，津梁斷絕，關中向義者頗以為阻。河東水濱居人，競進舟楫，不謀而至，前後數百 人。 　　九月壬寅，馮翊賊帥孫華、士門賊帥白玄度各率其眾送款，並具舟楫以待義師。高祖 令華與統軍王長諧、劉弘基引兵渡河。屈突通遣其武牙郎將桑顯和率眾數千，夜襲長諧， 義師不利。太宗以遊騎數百掩其後，顯和潰散，義軍複振。丙辰，馮翊太守蕭造以郡來降 。戊午，高祖親率眾圍河東，屈突通自守不出，乃命攻城，不利而還。文武將吏請高祖領 太尉，加置僚佐，從之。華陰令李孝常以永豐倉來降。庚申，高祖率軍濟河，舍於長春宮 。三秦士庶至者日以千數，高祖禮之，鹹過所望，人皆喜悅。丙寅，遣隴西公建成、司馬 劉文靜屯兵永豐倉，兼守潼關，以備他盜。太宗率劉弘基、長孫順德等前後數萬人，自渭 北徇三輔，所至皆下。高祖從父弟神通起兵鄠縣，柴氏婦舉兵於司竹，至是並與太宗會。 郿縣賊帥丘師利、李仲文，盩厔賊帥何潘仁等，合眾數萬來降。乙亥，命太宗自渭汭屯兵 阿城，隴西公建成自新豐趣霸上。高祖率大軍自下邽西上，經煬帝行宮園苑，悉罷之，宮 女放還親屬。 　　冬十月辛巳，至長樂宮，有眾二十萬。京師留守刑部尚書衛文升、右翊衛將軍陰世師 、京兆郡丞滑儀挾代王侑以拒義師。高祖遣使至城下，諭以匡複之意，再三皆不報。諸將 固請圍城。十一月丙辰，攻拔京城。衛文升先已病死，以陰世師、滑儀等拒義兵，並斬之 。癸亥，率百僚，備法駕，立代王侑為天子，遙尊煬帝為太上皇，大赦，改元為義寧。甲 子，隋帝詔加高祖假黃鉞、使持節、大都督內外諸軍事、大丞相，進封唐王，總錄萬機 。以武德殿為丞相府，改教為令。以隴西公建成為唐國世子；太宗為京兆尹，改封秦公 ；姑臧西元吉為齊公。十二月癸未，丞相府置長史、司錄已下官僚。金城賊帥薛舉寇扶 風，命太宗為元帥擊之。遣趙郡公孝恭招慰山南，所至皆下。癸巳，太宗大破薛舉之眾 於扶風。屈突通自潼關奔東都，劉文靜等追擒於閿鄉，虜其眾數萬。河池太守蕭瑀以郡 降。丙午，遣雲陽令詹俊、武功縣正李仲袞徇巴蜀，下之。 　　二年春正月戊辰，世子建成為撫甯大將軍、東討元帥，太宗為副，總兵七萬，徇地東 都。二月，清河賊帥竇建德僭稱長樂王。吳興人沈法興據丹陽起兵。三月丙辰，右屯衛將 軍宇文化及弒隋太上皇於江都宮，立秦王浩為帝，自稱大丞相。徙封太宗為趙國公。戊辰 ，隋帝進高祖相國，總百揆，備九錫之禮。唐國置丞相以下，立皇高祖已下四廟於長安通 義堬纂C 　　夏四月辛卯，停竹使符，頒銀菟符於諸郡。戊戌，世子建成及太宗自東都班師。五月 乙巳，天子詔高祖冕十有二旒，建天子旌旗，出警入蹕。王后、王女爵命之號，一遵舊典 。戊午，隋帝詔曰： 　　天禍隋國，大行太上皇遇盜江都，酷甚望夷，釁深驪北。憫予小子，奄造丕愆，哀號 永感，心情糜潰。仰惟荼毒，仇複靡申，形影相弔，罔知啟處。相國唐王，膺期命世，扶 危拯溺，自北徂南，東徵西怨。致九合於諸侯，決百勝於千里。糾率夷夏，大庇氓黎，保 乂朕躬，系王是賴。德侔造化，功格蒼旻，兆庶歸心，歷數斯在，屈為人臣，載違天命。 在昔虞、夏，揖讓相推，苟非重華，誰堪命禹。當今九服崩離，三靈改蔔，大運去矣，請 避賢路。兆謀布德，顧己莫能，私僮命駕，須歸籓國。予本代王，及予而代，天之所廢， 豈其如是！庶憑稽古之聖，以誅四凶；幸值惟新之恩，預充三恪。雪冤恥於皇祖，守禋祀 為孝孫，朝聞夕殞，及泉無恨。今遵故事，遜於舊邸，庶官群闢，改事唐朝。宜依前典， 趨上尊號，若釋重負，感泰兼懷。假手真人，俾除醜逆，濟濟多士，明知朕意。仍敕有司 ，凡有表奏，皆不得以聞。 　　遣使持節、兼太保、邢部尚書、光祿大夫、梁郡公蕭造，兼太尉、司農少卿裴之隱奉 皇帝璽綬於高祖。高祖辭讓，百僚上表勸進，至於再三，乃從之。隋帝遜於舊邸。改大興 殿為太極殿。 　　甲子，高祖即皇帝位於太極殿，命刑部尚書蕭造兼太尉，告於南郊，大赦天下，改隋 義寧二年為唐武德元年。官人百姓，賜爵一級。義師所行之處，給複三年。罷郡置州，改 太守為刺史。丁卯，宴百官於太極殿，賜帛有差。東都留守官共立隋越王侗為帝。壬申， 命相國長史裴寂等修律令。 　　六月甲戌，太宗為尚書令，相國府長史裴寂為尚書右僕射，相國府司馬劉文靜為納言 ，隋民部尚書蕭瑀、相國府司錄竇威並為內史令。廢隋《大業律令》，頒新格。己卯，備 法駕，迎皇高祖宣簡公已下神主，祔於太廟。追諡妃竇氏為太穆皇后，陵曰壽安。庚辰， 立世子建成為後太子。封太宗為秦王，齊國西元吉為齊王。封宗室蜀國公孝基為永安王， 柱國公道玄為淮陽王，長平公叔良為長平王，鄭國公神通為永康王，安吉公神符為襄邑王 ，柱國德良為長樂王，上開府道素為竟陵王，上柱國博乂為隴西王，奉慈為渤海王。諸州 總管加號使持節。癸未，封隋帝為酅國公。薛舉寇涇州，命秦王為西討元帥徵之。改封永 康王神通為淮安王。壬辰，加秦王雍州牧，餘官如故。辛醜，內史令竇威卒。秋七月丙午 ，刑部尚書蕭造為太子太保。追封皇子玄霸為衛王。西突厥遣使內附。秦王與薛舉大戰於 涇州，我師敗績。 　　八月壬午，薛舉死，其子仁杲複僭稱帝，命秦王為元帥以討之。丁亥，詔曰：「隋太 常卿高熲、上柱國賀若弼，並抗節不阿，矯枉無撓；司隸大夫薛道衡、刑部尚書宇文弼、 左翊衛將軍董純，並懷忠抱義，以陷極刑：宜從褒飾，以慰泉壤。熲可贈上柱國、郯國公 ，弼贈上柱國、杞國公，各令有司加諡；道衡贈上開府、臨河縣公，贈上開府、平昌縣公 ，純贈柱國、狄道縣公。」又詔曰：「隋右驍衛大將軍李金才、左光祿大夫李敏，並鼎族 高門，元功世胄，橫受屠殺，朝野稱冤。然李氏將興，天祚有應，冥契深隱，妄肆誅夷。 朕受命君臨，志存刷蕩，申冤旌善，無忘寤寐。金才可贈上柱國、申國公，敏可贈柱國、 觀國公。又前代酷濫，子孫被流者，並放還鄉里。」涼州賊帥李軌以其地來降，拜涼州總 管，封涼王。 　　九月乙巳，親錄囚徒，改銀菟符為銅魚符。辛未，追諡隋太上皇為煬帝。宇文化及至 魏州，鴆殺秦王浩，僭稱天子，國號許。 　　冬十月壬申朔，日有蝕之。李密率眾來降。封皇從父弟襄武公琛為襄武王，黃台公瑗 為廬江王。癸巳，詔行傅仁均所造《戊寅曆》。十一月己酉，以京師穀貴，令四面入關者 ，車馬牛驢各給課米，充其自食。秦王大破薛仁杲於淺水原，降之，隴右平。乙巳，涼王 李軌僭稱天子於涼州。詔頒五十三條格，以約法緩刑。十二月壬申，加秦王太尉、陝東道 大行台。丁醜，封上柱國李孝常為義安王。庚子，李密反於桃林，行軍總管盛彥師追討斬 之。 　　二年春正月乙卯，初令文官遭父母喪者聽去職。黃門侍郎陳叔達兼納言。二月丙戌， 詔天下諸宗人無職任者，不在徭役之限，每州置宗師一人，以相統攝。丁酉，竇建德攻宇 文化及於聊城，斬之，傳首突厥。閏月辛醜，劉武周侵我並州。己酉，李密舊將徐世勣以 黎陽之眾及河南十郡降，授黎州總管，封曹國公，賜姓李氏。庚戌，上微行都邑，以察氓 俗，即日還宮。甲寅，賊帥硃粲殺我使散騎常侍段確，奔洛陽。 　　夏四月乙巳，王世充篡越王侗位，僭稱天子，國號鄭。辛亥，李軌為其偽尚書安興貴 所執以降，河右平。突厥始畢可汗死。五月己卯，酅國公薨，追崇為隋帝，諡曰恭。六月 戊戌，令國子學立周公、孔子廟，四時致祭，仍博求其後。癸亥，尚書右僕射裴寂為晉州 道行軍總管，以討劉武周。秋七月壬申，置十二軍，以關內諸府分隸焉。王世充遣其將羅 士信侵我穀州，士信率其眾來降。西突厥葉護可汗及高昌並遣使朝貢。 　　九月辛未，賊帥李子通據江都，僭稱天子，國號吳。沈法興據毗陵，僭稱梁王。丁醜 ，和州賊帥杜伏威遣使來降，授和州總管、東南道行台尚書令，封楚王。裴寂與劉武周將 宋金剛戰於介州，我師敗績，右武衛大將軍薑寶誼死之。並州總管、齊王元吉懼武周所逼 ，奔於京師，並州陷。乙未，京師地震。 　　冬十月己亥。封幽州總管羅藝為燕郡王，賜姓李氏。黃門侍郎楊恭仁為納言。殺民部 尚書、魯國公劉文靜。乙卯，討劉武周，軍於蒲州，為諸軍聲援。壬子，劉武周進圍晉州 。甲子，上親祠華嶽。十一月丙子，竇建德陷黎陽，盡有山東之地。淮安王神通、左武候 大將軍李世勣皆沒於賊。十二月丙申，永安王孝基、工部尚書獨孤懷恩、總管於筠為劉武 周將宋金剛掩襲，並沒焉。甲辰，狩於華山。壬子，大風拔木。 　　三年春正月辛巳，幸蒲州，命祀舜廟。癸巳，至自蒲州。甲午，李世勣於竇建德所自 拔歸國。建德僭稱夏王。二月丁酉，京師西南地有聲如山崩。庚子，幸華陰。工部尚書獨 孤懷恩謀反，伏誅。三月癸酉，西突厥葉護可汗、高昌王曲伯雅遣使朝貢。突厥貢條支巨 鳥。己卯，改納言為侍中，內史令為中書令，給事郎為給事中。甲戌，內史侍郎封德?兼 中書令。封賊帥劉孝真為彭城王，賜姓李氏。 　　夏四月壬寅，至自華陰。於益州置行台尚書省。甲寅，加秦王益州道行台尚書令。秦 王大破宋金剛於介州，金剛與劉武周俱奔突厥，遂平並州。偽總管尉遲敬德、尋相以介州 降。 　　六月壬辰，徙封楚王杜伏威為吳王，賜姓李氏，加授東南道行台尚書令。丙午，親錄 囚徒。封皇子元景為趙王，元昌為魯王，元亨為酆王；皇孫承宗為太原王，承道為安陸王 ，承乾為恆山王，恪為長沙王，泰為宜都王。 　　秋七月壬戌，命秦王率諸軍討王世充。遣皇太子鎮蒲州，以備突厥。丙申，突厥殺 武周於白道。冬十月庚子，懷戍賊帥高開道遣使降，授蔚州總管，封北平郡王，賜姓李 氏。 　　四年春正月丁卯，竇建德行台尚書令胡大恩以大安鎮來降，封定襄郡王，賜姓李氏 。辛巳，命皇太子總統諸軍討稽胡。三月，徙封宜都王泰為衛王。竇建德來援王世充， 攻陷我管州。 　　夏四月甲寅，封皇子元方為周王，元禮為鄭王，元嘉為宋王，元則為荊王，元茂為 越王。初置都護府官員。五月己未，秦王大破竇建德之眾於武牢，擒建德，河北悉平。 丙寅，王世充舉東都降，河南平。秋七月甲子，秦王凱旋，獻俘於太廟。丁卯，大赦天 下。廢五銖錢，行開元通寶錢。斬竇建德於市；流王世充於蜀，未發，為仇人所害。甲 戌，建德餘黨劉黑闥據漳南反。置山東道行台尚書省於洺州。八月，兗州總管徐圓朗舉 兵反，以應劉黑闥，僭稱魯王。 　　冬十月己醜，加秦王天策上將，位在王公上，領司徒、陝東道大行台尚書令；齊王 元吉為司空。乙巳，趙郡王孝恭平荊州，獲蕭銑。十一月甲申，於洺州置大行台，廢洺 州都督府。庚寅，焚東都紫微宮乾陽殿。會稽賊帥李子通以其地來降。十二月丁卯，命 秦王及齊王元吉討劉黑闥。壬申，徙封宋王元嘉為徐王。 　　五年春正月丙申，劉黑闥據洺州，僭稱漢東王。三月丁未，秦王破劉黑闥於洺水上 ，盡複所陷州縣，黑闥亡奔突厥。蔚州總管、北平王高開道叛，寇易州。 　　夏四月庚戌，秦王還京師，高祖迎勞於長樂宮。壬申，代州總管、定襄郡王大恩為 虜所敗，戰死。六月，劉黑闥引突厥寇山東。置諫議大夫官員。秋七月丁亥，吳王伏威 來朝。隋漢陽太守馮盎以南越之地來降，嶺表悉定。八月辛亥，以洺、荊、並、幽、交 五州為大總管府。改封恆山王承乾為中山王。葬隋煬帝於揚州。丙辰，突厥頡利寇雁門 。己未，進寇朔州。遣皇太子及秦王討擊，大敗之。 　　冬十月癸酉，遣齊王元吉擊劉黑闥於洺州。時山東州縣多為黑闥所守，所在殺長吏 以應之。行軍總管、淮陽王道玄與黑闥戰於下博，道玄敗沒。十一月甲申，命皇太子率 兵討劉黑闥。丙申，幸宜州，簡閱將士。十二月丙辰，校獵於華池。庚申，至自宜州。 皇太子破劉黑闥於魏州，斬之，山東平。 　　六年春正月，吳王杜伏威為太子太保。二月辛亥，校獵於驪山。三月乙未，幸昆明 池，宴百官。 　　夏四月己未，舊宅改為通義宮，曲赦京城繫囚，於是置酒高會，賜從官帛各有差。 癸酉，以尚書右僕射、魏國公裴寂為左僕射，中書令、宋國公蕭瑀為右僕射，侍中、觀 國公楊恭仁為吏部尚書。秋七月，突厥頡利寇朔州，遣皇太子及秦王屯並州以備之。 　　八月壬子，東南道行台僕射輔公祏據丹陽反，僭稱宋王，遣趙郡王孝恭及嶺南道大 使、永康縣公李靖討之。丙寅，吐谷渾內附。九月丙子，突厥退，皇太子班師。改東都 為洛州。高開道引突厥寇幽州。冬十月，幸華陰。 　　十一月，校獵於沙苑。十二月乙巳，以奉義監為龍躍宮，武功宅為慶善宮。甲寅， 至自華陰。 　　七年春正月己酉，封高麗王高武為遼東郡王，百濟王扶餘璋為帶方郡王，新羅王金 真平為樂浪郡王。二月，高開道為部將張金樹所殺，以其地降。丁巳，幸國子學，親臨 釋奠。改大總管府為大都督府。吳王伏威薨。三月戊寅，廢尚書省六司侍郎，增吏部郎 中秩正四品，掌選事。戊戌，趙郡王孝恭大破輔公祏，擒之，丹陽平。 　　夏四月庚子，大赦天下，頒行新律令。以天下大定，詔遭父母喪者聽終制。五月， 造仁智宮於宜州之宜君縣。李世勣討徐圓朗，平之。六月辛醜，幸仁智宮。 　　秋七月甲午，至自仁智宮。巂州地震山崩，江水咽流。八月戊辰，突厥寇並州，京 師戒嚴。壬午，突厥退。乙未，京師解嚴。冬十月丁卯，幸慶善宮。癸酉，幸終南山， 謁老子廟。十一月戊辰，校獵於高陵。庚午，至自慶善宮。 　　八年春二月己巳，親錄囚徒，多所原宥。 　　夏四月，造太和宮於終南山。六月甲子，幸太和宮。突厥寇定州，命皇太子往幽州 ，秦王往並州，以備突厥。八月，並州道總管張公謹與突厥戰於太谷，王師敗績，中書 令溫彥博沒於賊。九月，突厥退。冬十月辛巳，幸周氏陂校獵，因幸龍躍宮。十一月辛 卯，幸宜州。庚子，講武於同官縣。改封蜀王元軌為吳王，漢王元慶為陳王。加授秦王 中書令，齊王元吉侍中。天策上將府司馬宇文士及權檢校侍中。十二月辛酉，至自宜州 。 　　九年春正月丙寅，命州縣修城隍，備突厥。尚書左僕射、魏國公裴寂為司空。 　　二月庚申，加齊王元吉為司徒。戊寅，親祠社稷。三月辛卯，幸昆明池。夏五月辛 巳，以京師寺觀不甚清淨，詔曰： 　　釋迦闡教，清淨為先，遠離塵垢，斷除貪欲。所以弘宣勝業，修植善根，開導愚迷 ，津梁品庶。是以敷演經教，檢約學徒，調懺身心，舍諸染著，衣服飲食，鹹資四輩。 　　自覺王遷謝，像法流行，末代陵遲，漸以虧濫。乃有猥賤之侶，規自尊高；浮惰之 人，苟避徭役。妄為剃度，托號出家，嗜欲無厭，營求不息。出入閭堙A周旋闤闠，驅 策田產，聚積貨物。耕織為生，估販成業，事同編戶，跡等齊人。進違戒律之文，退無 禮典之訓。至乃親行劫掠，躬自穿窬，造作妖訛，交通豪猾。每罹憲網，自陷重刑，黷 亂真如，傾毀妙法。譬茲稂莠，有穢嘉苗；類彼淤泥，混夫清水。又伽藍之地，本曰淨 居，棲心之所，理尚幽寂。近代以來，多立寺舍，不求閑曠之境，唯趨喧雜之方。繕採 崎嶇，棟宇殊拓，錯舛隱匿，誘納姦邪。或有接延?邸，鄰近屠酤，埃塵滿室，膻腥盈 道。徒長輕慢之心，有虧崇敬之義。且老氏垂化，實貴沖虛，養志無為，遺情物外。全 真守一，是謂玄門，驅馳世務，尤乖宗旨。 　　朕膺期馭宇，興隆教法，志思利益，情在護持。欲使玉石區分，薰蕕有辨，長存妙 道，永固福田，正本澄源，宜從沙汰。諸僧、尼、道士、女寇等，有精勤練行、守戒律 者，並令大寺觀居住，給衣食，勿令乏短。其不能精進、戒行有闕、不堪供養者，並令 罷遣，各還桑梓。所司明為條式，務依法教，違制之事，悉宜停斷。京城留寺三所，觀 二所。其餘天下諸州，各留一所。餘悉罷之。事竟不行。 　　六月庚申，秦王以皇太子建成與齊王元吉同謀害己，率兵誅之。詔立秦王為皇太子 ，繼統萬機，大赦天下。八月癸亥，詔傳位於皇太子。尊帝為太上皇，徙居弘義宮，改 名太安宮。 　　貞觀八年三月甲戌，高祖宴西突厥使者於兩儀殿，顧謂長孫無忌曰：「當今蠻夷率 服，古未嘗有。」無忌上千萬歲壽。高祖大悅，以酒賜太宗。太宗又奉觴上壽，流涕而 言曰：「百姓獲安，四夷鹹附，皆奉遵聖旨，豈臣之力！」於是太宗與文德皇后互進禦 膳，並上服禦衣物，一同家人常禮。是歲，閱武於城西，高祖親自臨視，勞將士而還。 置酒於未央宮，三品已上鹹侍。高祖命突厥頡利可汗起舞，又遣南越酋長馮智戴詠詩， 既而笑曰：「胡、越一家，自古未之有也。」太宗奉觴上壽曰：「臣早蒙慈訓，教以文 道；爰從義旗，平定京邑。重以薛舉、武周、世充、建德，皆上稟睿算，幸而克定。三 數年間，混一區宇。天慈崇寵，遂蒙重任。今上天垂祐，時和歲阜，被髮左衽，並為臣 妾。此豈臣智力，皆由上稟聖算。」高祖大悅，群臣皆呼萬歲，極夜方罷。 　　九年五月庚子，高祖大漸，下詔：「既殯之後，皇帝宜於別所視軍國大事。其服輕 重，悉從漢制，以日易月。園陵制度，務從儉約。」是日，崩於太安宮之垂拱前殿，年 七十。群臣上諡曰大武皇帝，廟號高祖。十月庚寅，葬於獻陵。高宗上元元年八月，改 上尊號曰神堯皇帝。天寶十三載二月，上尊號神堯大聖大光孝皇帝。 　　史臣曰：有隋季年，皇圖板蕩，荒主燀燎原之焰，群盜發逐鹿之機，殄暴無厭，橫 流靡救。高祖審獨夫之運去，知新主之勃興，密運雄圖，未伸龍躍。而屈己求可汗之援 ，卑辭答李密之書，決神機而速若疾雷，驅豪傑而從如偃草。洎謳謠允屬，揖讓受終， 刑名大?於煩苛，爵位不逾於珝軸。由是攫金有恥，伏莽知非，人懷漢道之寬平，不責 高皇之慢罵。然而優柔失斷，浸潤得行，誅文靜則議法不從，酬裴寂則曲恩太過。姦佞 由之貝錦，嬖幸得以掇蜂。獻公遂間於申生，小白甯懷於召忽。一旦兵交愛子，矢集申 孫。匈奴尋犯於便橋，京邑咸憂於左衽。不有聖子，王業殆哉！ 　　贊曰：高皇創圖，勢若摧枯。國運神武，家難聖謨。言生床笫，禍切肌膚。《鴟鴞》 之詠，無損於吾。 *** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 舊唐書 *** Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will be renamed. Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG™ concept and trademark. Project Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you charge for an eBook, except by following the terms of the trademark license, including paying royalties for use of the Project Gutenberg trademark. If you do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the trademark license is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and research. Project Gutenberg eBooks may be modified and printed and given away—you may do practically ANYTHING in the United States with eBooks not protected by U.S. copyright law. Redistribution is subject to the trademark license, especially commercial redistribution. START: FULL LICENSE THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK To protect the Project Gutenberg™ mission of promoting the free distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work (or any other work associated in any way with the phrase “Project Gutenberg”), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project Gutenberg™ License available with this file or online at www.gutenberg.org/license. Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works 1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg™ electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property (trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy all copies of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works in your possession. If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project Gutenberg™ electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. 1.B. “Project Gutenberg” is a registered trademark. It may only be used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg™ electronic works even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project Gutenberg™ electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg™ electronic works. See paragraph 1.E below. 1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation (“the Foundation” or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an individual work is unprotected by copyright law in the United States and you are located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project Gutenberg™ mission of promoting free access to electronic works by freely sharing Project Gutenberg™ works in compliance with the terms of this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg™ name associated with the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project Gutenberg™ License when you share it without charge with others. 1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project Gutenberg™ work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning the copyright status of any work in any country other than the United States. 1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: 1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate access to, the full Project Gutenberg™ License must appear prominently whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg™ work (any work on which the phrase “Project Gutenberg” appears, or with which the phrase “Project Gutenberg” is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, copied or distributed: This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook. 1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is derived from texts not protected by U.S. copyright law (does not contain a notice indicating that it is posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work with the phrase “Project Gutenberg” associated with or appearing on the work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the Project Gutenberg™ trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. 1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is posted with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked to the Project Gutenberg™ License for all works posted with the permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. 1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg™ License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg™. 1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project Gutenberg™ License. 1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg™ work in a format other than “Plain Vanilla ASCII” or other format used in the official version posted on the official Project Gutenberg™ website (www.gutenberg.org), you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon request, of the work in its original “Plain Vanilla ASCII” or other form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg™ License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. 1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg™ works unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. 1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing access to or distributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works provided that: • You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from the use of Project Gutenberg™ works calculated using the method you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark, but he has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the address specified in Section 4, “Information about donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation.” • You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg™ License. You must require such a user to return or destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of Project Gutenberg™ works. • You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days of receipt of the work. • You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free distribution of Project Gutenberg™ works. 1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg™ electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the manager of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark. Contact the Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. 1.F. 1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread works not protected by U.S. copyright law in creating the Project Gutenberg™ collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg™ electronic works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain “Defects,” such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by your equipment. 1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the “Right of Replacement or Refund” described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark, and any other party distributing a Project Gutenberg™ electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further opportunities to fix the problem. 1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you ‘AS-IS’, WITH NO OTHER WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. 1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. 1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone providing copies of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works in accordance with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works, harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg™ work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any Project Gutenberg™ work, and (c) any Defect you cause. Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg™ Project Gutenberg™ is synonymous with the free distribution of electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from people in all walks of life. Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg™’s goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg™ collection will remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure and permanent future for Project Gutenberg™ and future generations. To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 and the Foundation information page at www.gutenberg.org. Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non-profit 501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal Revenue Service. The Foundation’s EIN or federal tax identification number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state’s laws. The Foundation’s business office is located at 809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887. Email contact links and up to date contact information can be found at the Foundation’s website and official page at www.gutenberg.org/contact Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation Project Gutenberg™ depends upon and cannot survive without widespread public support and donations to carry out its mission of increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be freely distributed in machine-readable form accessible by the widest array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations ($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt status with the IRS. The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any particular state visit www.gutenberg.org/donate. While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who approach us with offers to donate. International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. Please check the Project Gutenberg web pages for current donation methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. To donate, please visit: www.gutenberg.org/donate. Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg™ electronic works Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg™ concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared with anyone. For forty years, he produced and distributed Project Gutenberg™ eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. Project Gutenberg™ eBooks are often created from several printed editions, all of which are confirmed as not protected by copyright in the U.S. unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. Most people start at our website which has the main PG search facility: www.gutenberg.org. This website includes information about Project Gutenberg™, including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.